Ilinde unyaka omusha - Isigaba 1

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HUNG NGUYEN MANH¹

  "Ukuncintisana ukubungaza ikholamu lendlu yomphakathi". Kodwa-ke, akulona iqiniso ukuthi yonke imizana iyasaba "Izintuthwane namademoni", kodwa abanye phakathi kwabo bagqoke amasiko nemikhuba eminingi esebenzayo ngokuya ngezimo zabo zomlando noma izici zabo zamasiko njengasezindlini zomphakathi Đông Kỵ (UBắc Ninh) minyaka yonke, khona ngehora lesikhashana lapho i-altare ligcwele intuthu yempepho, amadoda amadala amane amele amadolobhana amane aphuma egijima ngokuncintisana omunye nomunye ukugoba ikholomu lendlu yomphakathi ukuze babambane ngamandla omunye komunye. Leli siko lisinda ngendlela yokuqashwa kwamasosha e INkosi uTiên Cương, okuhloswe ngayo ukuhlanganisa wonke amabutho ukukhulula izwe njenge I-Saint Gióng ukulwa ne Ân abahlaseli.

Isiko 'Lokuhambisa Ihabhu'

    Ukukhumbula ukunqoba kwe Abahlaseli (ngaphansi kokubusa kweNkosi Hùng Vương le-6), abantu endlini yomphakathi ye Idolobhana lasePhong Doanh (UBình Dương, Tam Đảo, Vĩnh Phúc) shaya izigubhu nemigqomo inxusa wonke umuntu ukuthi aphuthume emigwaqweni yakuleliya endaweni ebizwa ngokuthi “Mô nhà chòi? ” (indunduma yendlu). Leli siko liyaqala entathakusa futhi libizwa ngokuthi “ukuhambisa indluzane”. Ngaphandle kwalokho, sithole nenye inkambiso yangempela ebonwa ngokutholakala kwenyanga Unyaka omushaka- eve, okuyisiko "lokubeka abalingiswa enkembeni".

Izintuthwane namadimoni

    Sikhonjiswa ngowesifazane ohlezi ngaphambi kwepani yokuthosa bese uthosa okuthile ngopende. Izinhlamvu ku INôm Iskripthi sazise okuningi. Ngobusuku be Ttt abantu Fry izintuthwane ukuxosha izintuthwane ngonyaka omusha. Leli siko alisekho. Ekuqoqweni kwamasiko nemikhuba esifundeni esiyiNorth Vietnam, sithole isithombe esihambisane nemizwa ekhombisa isenzo sokubeka ukholifrodi kuhlu ukuze luzogawulwa, ukuvikela izintuthwane ukuba zingene ekhishini:

Ngiyabambelela Mr.Ant
U-Kính Kiến Kình Cang (ivesi elingaphenduleki le-onomatopoeic)
Ngigxumagxuma uMnu. Ant ngithambisa imuli yonke yezintuthwane
U-Kính Kiến Kình Cang (ivesi elingaphenduleki le-onomatopoeic)

     Ezinsukwini zokugcina zonyaka, abanye abantu asebekhulile abalokothi bahlale ekhaya futhi baye kuma-pagodas noma emathempelini. Balinda lapho kuze kufike unyaka omusha (ihora lesikhashana) ukubuyela ekhaya. Ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona uhlobo lukadeveli okuthiwa "Vũ Tuần"Obekuvame ukubenza banciphise ngaphandle kocansi lwabo. Abantu babiza izinsuku ezintathu zokugcina zonyaka - izinsuku ezintathu zothando.²

Izithombe Zokugcina

    Ngosuku lokugcina lonyaka, H. OGER futhi umdwebi wakhe azame ukuqopha izithombe zokugcina. Emigwaqweni, abantu bahamba ngejubane kungathi bagijima ngemuva kwemizuzu esele. Isakhamuzi esinezinyawo ezingekho ezinyaweni ezinezambulela sithwala umoba ehlombe - induku njengomnikelo kokhokho bayo. Owesifazane uletha iminikelo yakhe ku-pagoda. Uyinceku njengoba kukhonjiswe nguH. OGER.

   Lokho kusanganisa kungokwabani?I-Fig.1)? Cha! Kwenziwa nge-oda lomkhandlu wedolobhana ngabaqaphi bendawo. Izingubo zisomiswa phezulu kophahla (I-Fig.2). Kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha.

   Use 30th we ngenyanga edluleyo - usuku lokugcina lwenyanga yokugcina yenyanga yenyanga - usuku oludale abantu bazizwa bejabule futhi bephila, kubonakala sengathi balindele umcimbi omkhulu osuzokwenzeka empilweni yabo. Kusele usuku olulodwa kuphela, ngenkathi emndenini, yonke into nazo zonke izinkinga emndenini ezinkulu noma ezincane ezikude noma eziseduze, ezijwayelekile noma ezibalulekile kumele zixazululwe noma zimiswe okwesikhashana. ENyakatho, abantu bavame ukwenza umsebenzi wabo wokutshala i- Ttt isigxobo sasemini, eCentral Vietnam, lowo msebenzi kumele uqedwe ntambama, kanti eSouth, kumele uqedwe kusuka kusihlwa kuze kuhlwe. Ngokusho kwemikhuba emidala, kanye I-Tết pole itshaliwe, abantu kumele balungiselele ukumema okhokho babo ukuthi babuye ukuzozijabulisa Ttt nabo (njengaseKẻ Rị, e-Kẻ Chè, esiFundeni sase-Đông Sơn, ku-Thanh Hoá).

   Ngalesi sikhathi, i-altare lamadlozi kumele libe nge-apula-pie ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nomkhosi wokumema okhokho bakho ukuthi babuye ukuzojabulela Izinsuku ezingama-3 ngemizimba yabo. Ngemuva komkhosi obumayo lapho izinduku zempepho zishiswa kuqedwe, ugqoko lwezitsha ezisetshenziswa njengeminikelo luyokwehliswa bese umndeni wonke ubuthana ndawonye kulokhu kudla okumnandi nokunethezekile. Mayelana ne Imindeni yamaConfucian, lokhu kudla okuphela konyaka kuhambisana nomqondo wokulondolozwa kwesiko elihle futhi elihle.

    In neNyakatho yeVietnam, umcimbi wokubingelela wokhokho ungahle ugujwe ngaphakathi imikhuba emibili:

1) Khombisa iminikelo e-altare, ikhandlela elikhanyayo, unikele ngempepho bese uqala ukukhuleka ntambama kwe 30th we ngenyanga edluleyo (ie ngo 12:00 am). Umkhosi wokubingelela uhlelwe ekhaya kuphela, abantu abayi emathuneni. Inhloko yomndeni, igqoke kahle, ime phambi kwe-altare, ikhanyisa inqwaba yezinduku zempepho bese iyakhuleka:

    "IVietnam, unyaka wenyanga (Ất Mão, M ,u Thân…) inyanga… igagasi lasebusika, umhlaka 30 wenyanga ye-12. Ngi…, ngiphethe ukukhonza, ngizalelwa emzaneni…, isifunda…., Isifundazwe… kanye nawo wonke amalungu omndeni kowtow amahlandla ayikhulu."

   Sinikeza ngenhlonipho izinti zempepho, igolide nesiliva joss iphepha, izithelo, izitsha zemikhosi, utshwala namanzi, i-betel ne-areca-nut nazo zonke ezinye izinto. Ukumema ngenhlonipho bonke okhokho bethu, umkhulu-omkhulu, umkhulu, umkhulu, ubaba, umama, umalume, umfowethu, udadewethu, umzala, ukuthi abuye azofakaza ngentshiseko yethu. Siyethemba ukuthi: Okhokho bethu bazovikela umndeni wethu, kusukela kwabadala kuya kubantu abasha, futhi bazowunikeza injabulo, ukuphepha, ukuthula, nokwenza konke kuhambe kahle ngamalungu omndeni amaningi nokuchuma okukhulu. Sicela uze uzothokozela iminikelo yethu.³

    Ngemuva kokukhuleka, inhloko yomndeni iyahoya, ibeka indawo yayo yilowo nalowo mndeni, amalungu athandaze nawo ngokulandelana nangokwezikhundla zakhe emndenini abantu abadala kuqala bese kuvela ithuba labancane emasikweni edolobhana (I-Đáp Cầu Village, i-Bắc Ninh) kanye nokuhambisana nokubaluleka kwe Ukubingelela Umkhosi. Ntambama ye 30 ka-12^th inyanga yenyanga, inhloko yomndeni nawo wonke amanye amalungu omndeni wakhe baletha izingqwembe nefosholo kanye nezinto ze-joss zamaphepha nempepho emathuneni kokhokho babo ukususa utshani (ukuvimba izimpande zayo ukuba zifakwe ebhokisini futhi zingqongqoze izinsalela), hlanganisa amathuna uwawenze ahlanzekile futhi acocekile. Lapho-ke wonke umndeni ukhanyisa inqwaba yezinkuni zempepho, uthandaze, bese utshala lonke iqembu emathuna. Imikhuleko le ihlose ukuveza ukuzwela kwabantukazana ekumemeleni amadlozi ukuthi abuye futhi azokujabulela Spring nabo.

   Ngenkathi ikhonza amadlozi, inhloko yomndeni iyalela abantu ukuthi bambe umgodi egcekeni ukuze batshale Ttt isibalo. Bafafaza umcako oyimpuphu onyaweni lwesigxobo ngezimo zomnsalo nomcibisholo ukuze ubhekise emimoyeni emibi ebuka ngaphandle, ibavimbele ukuthi bangene endlini. Ngemuva kokubingelela abantu kusamele balinde kuze kushe izinti zempepho ukwehlisa izitsha zemikhosi zethreyi; lapho-ke, wonke umndeni ubuthana ngakuwo ukuze uthokoze futhi uzitike ngesidlo ngobusuku bangaphambi kwenyanga (I-Fig.3). UNyaka Omusha, obalulekile, ogcwele ukwaneliseka kokugcina imigomo efanele. Umfanekiso we I-30 yenyanga ye-12 yenyanga noma 30 ka-Tết akuyona eyomndeni wabo bonke abantu, njengoba kunezimo eziningi ezibuhlungu njengokuhlukana phakathi kwezingane, ukuqongelela izikweletu, ukukhala kakhulu kunokuhleka… Abantu bezinsuku zakudala babevame ukuthi:

“Ubuhlakani bomuntu bungafakazelwa kuphela uma umuntu eye emthethweni.
Ingcebo yomuntu ingakhonjiswa ku- 30 ka-Tết (I-30 yenyanga ye-12 yenyanga).

… Qhubeka esigabeni 2…

AMANOTHI:
¹ Hlanganisa uSolwazi HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela we-Phylosophy emlandweni.
²  Ngokusho kukaJOSEPH TISSANIER - Umuntu waseFrance ohlala eT inng Long kusuka ngo-1658 - 1663 - owachitha amaTết amahlanu eTonquin.
³ Ngokuka TOAN ÁNH - Izinkolelo eVietnam - Incwadi 2 - Indlu Yokushicilela yeNam Chi - iSaigon 1968.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

QAPHELA:
Umthombo: U-Vietnamese Lunar New Year - Umkhosi Omkhulu - Asso. UProf. HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela WePhylosophy Emlandweni.
Images Izithombe ze-Bold kanye ne-sepia zisethwe nguBan Tu Thu - khadangwadia.com

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