Amaholide Nemikhosi Ehlukahlukene WET Rice FARMER - Isigaba 1
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH1
UMkhosi owawunesihloko esithi: “UNkulunkulu Wezolimo wehlela emasimini ”
The impucuko yelayisi emanzi ulethe eVietnam izinhlamvu zamakha zerayisi ezinamathelayo, ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza amakhekhe amnandi ayisikwele nokulahlwa kwerayisi okumnandi, kuyilapho ukulima kulethe kuleli lizwe uthando lwayo ngezindawo ezirayisi, i-buffalo, negeja. Kuleli qiniso, kusungulwa amasiko amaningi erayisi ahlobene ne Ttt amaholide futhi imikhosi eNyakatho Midland, isifunda esihlobene kakhulu nokulima.
At Hải Hưng, izindawo ezithile zigubha umkhosi ngenyanga yokuqala yenyanga yokwamukela UNkulunkulu Wezolimo oza phansi emasimini8. Indima ye UNkulunkulu Wezolimo uphathiswe indoda endala enempilo ehlala endaweni; Ugqoka ingubo yomkhosi nezicathulo ezingenazimbambo, futhi uvikelekile ngaphansi kwesambulela. Lapho ezwa imisindo ephithizelayo yezigubhu, UNkulunkulu Wezolimo "wanyusa izingcezwana zakhe, wakhumula izicathulo zakhe ezingenazintambo”Wehlela ensimini yelayisi ukuyotshala izimbewu emseleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, abantu bendawo baphonsa amanzi ku- UNkulunkulu Wezolimo, nokunye uNkulunkulu kumanzi, kulapho abantu bendawo bejabule njengoba baphupha unyaka omusha namanzi anele ezindawo zerayisi nezitshalo eziningi ezinhle.8
Umkhosi “wokwethula ubuciko”
Use Usuku lwesine, lo Sài Đồng isigodi (UGia Lâm - Hà Nội) kanye I-Bích Đại isigodi (UVĩnh Phú) isetshenziselwa ukuhlelaukwethulwa kwezandla”Umkhosi. Lapho imigqomo igcwala egcekeni lendlu yomphakathi, umlimi osekhulile uphethe i-buffalo aye ensimini (kwezinye izindawo, kungumbuzo we-buffalo eyiqiniso kwezinye izindawo i-buffalo ibekwe ngotshani) kanye nensizwa ukuqala ukulima umhlaba.
Okulandelayo kufika intombazane encane ehlwanyela imbewu yerayisi phakathi kwamakhehla abantu bendawo, inethemba lokuthi ukulima kuzoletha isivuno esihle futhi bayoba nommbila omningi, amazambane, kanye ne-paddy. Ngasekupheleni komkhosi, isisebenzi esisebenza epulazini esisha sikhumula isembatho futhi siziveze ukuthi empeleni siyintombazane enhle, kuyilapho intombazane ehlwanyelayo, ikhumula isembatho sayo, iba umfana omncane; isimo somfana ozifihla njengendodakazi nentombazane njengomfana senza umoya womkhosi ungalindeleki futhi uthakazelise.
Umkhosi Ukuqalisa Isikhathi Sokulima
Umkhosi wokungenisa isikhathi sokulima wenzeka ngemuva kokuba abantu bendawo begubha lo mcimbi wokuthoba I-Tết pole, ngawo lowo mzuzu umphathi omkhulu akhumule okomkhosi, agqoke isiketi esinsundu, afake isiphandla esinamaqhina emiphetho yomibili, nebhande elibomvu okhalweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, uqhuba inyathi ekhuluphele, eqeqeshwe kahle kakhulu ekulimeni, endaweni enqunyelwe irayisi — engekude kakhulu nendawo yokukhonzela.
Lapho efika endaweni yerayisi, usebenzisa isandla sakhe ukusikhahlela emhlane kanye namabhuthi, abese ezungeza intamo yakhe, ngenkathi eyibuka kahle. Unika i-buffalo amaqebelengwane ambalwa erayisi akhazimulayo, futhi uma eseqedile ukudla, ubeka ijoka entanyeni yakhe futhi ngokuphumelelayo aqhubekele ne-buffalo ezolima imigqa embalwa eqondile eqonde kusengaphambili. Ngenkathi i-buffalo isebenza, izigubhu nama-gongs kuyaphendulwa, kuhambisane nezinsimbi zomculo eziyisishiyagalombili nokumemeza kwabantu bendawo, okwenza indawo leyo ibukeke njengesiteji somoya esivulekile.
Lesi sithombe okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla sisekhona ezindaweni ezithile - Kwezinye izindawo - njengase Thanh Hoa - the Ukuqaliswa Kwe-Ceremony the Isikhathi Sokulima ihlanganiswe ne Umkhosi ukukhonza UNkulunkulu Wezolimo futhi kugujwa ngosuku lokwethula isikhathi samaholide, okuhloswe ngalo ukufisa ukuthi izilimo zibe zezihle futhi, ngasikhathi sinye, ekuboniseni ukubonga kwabantu enkosini efundise abantu ukuthutha, ukulima umhlaba, nokukhiqiza imidlwane namazambane amnandi . Ngaphandle kwalokho, i Umkhosi Wokuqalisa Isikhathi Sokulima9 futhi ukhumbuza abantu, ngokubonga abapheki, ukuthi kumele bakwazise ukulima futhi banakekele kahle izinyathi nezinkabi ezingabangane abahle abathembekile kubona.
Umkhosi wokuqalisa kwentaba
Lomkhosi uvame kakhulu esifundeni esinezintaba ezinamagquma amancane nasezintabeni ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziphathelene nabantu abasebenza njengabasebenza ngezinkuni.
At I-Nghệ An - "usuku lokuvalwa kwehlathi"Ungowama-25 enyangeni eyi-12 enyangeni. Kulezi zinsuku zokuvala, akekho umuntu ovunyelwe ukugawula izihlahla futhi kufanele alinde kuze kufike unyaka omusha lapho ihlathi liphinde livulwa ngu “umkhosi wokuvula”Ukuqhubeka nokusebenza. Lowo mcimbi wokuvula ubizwa ngokuthi “Umcimbi wokuvula intaba".
Lo mcimbi awuhlelwe nezeziphathimandla zedolobhana (Kuyaziwa ukuthi amadolobhana aseVietnam aqukethe iningi labahlali belayisi elimanzi ezindaweni ezinobumnandi) kepha ingagujulwa ngemindeni noma ngeqembu labashuni.
Esikhathini senkathi kusuka ku-4 kuye ku-6 ka Izinsuku ezingama-Tết, abantu baletha iminikelo ethempelini likaintaba genie"Esangweni lehlathi noma e-grotto noma ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi isihlahla esikhulu esidala, base bashisa izinduku ze-joss ukuze bakhuleke futhi bathandaze kuleyo genie"ukushiya ihlathi ngokuthula ukuze umsebenzi wokhuni wenziwe ngaphandle kokushaya”. Iminikelo ngaphandle kwezinto ezijwayelekile kumele ibe nokwengeza inyama eluhlaza ngoba lesi yisitsha esingekhohlwe ekudleni kwe- “Genie wehlathi".
Ngemuva komkhosi wokukhuleka, abantu bezinkuni bangena ehlathini ngezimbazo nangezicucu basike izihlahla ezimbalwa “ngenxa yefomu” ukuze babone lokhuKhai Son" umkhosi. Kusukela ngalowomzuzu, wonke umuntu uvunyelwe ukwenza umsebenzi wabo bantu bezinkuni obekungavunyelwe ngesikhathi "ihlathi livaliwe”Okungukuthi isikhathi lapho uMeni weNtaba ejabulela esakhe Ttt.I I-Phú Lộc isigodi (Isifunda sasePhong Châu) Ugcina umkhosi ongaziwa obizwa ngokuthi “umkhosi wokukhuleka umnsalo nemicibisholo”Ngobusuku bosuku lwesi-6 Ttt. Ngalobo busuku, zonke izinsizwa namantombazane asemzaneni aletha imicibisholo nemicibisholo yawo ethempelini elise-I-Trám"(i-canari) ihlathi ukugubha "umnsalo nemicibisholo ekhonza inkolo".
Ngemuva kokuthi kushe izinduku zamajusi nangemva kokuba umphathi wemikhosi esekhulekele le genie, insizwa enamandla iqedile ithola umnsalo nomcibisholo ovela e-altare ukuze idubule iqhude nesikhukhukazi sikhunjulwe bese sibekwa eduze kwethempeli. Igazi leqhude nelo lesikhukhukazi liyohlangana libe umnikelo ku-genie. Ngokulandelayo kuza umdanso obizwa ngokuthi umdanso wokuzingela phakathi kwezithandani zezinsizwa namantombazane amancane, amantombazane kuyizinto zokudlala nezinsizwa “abazingeli”. Abadansa nje hhayi ngokuthinta umzimba kodwa nange-hallooing ethambile (izinsizwa kuqala, bese kuvela ithuba lamantombazane amancane). Ngemuva kwalokho, umbhangqwana ngababili, babheka indawo yokuthola isidingo esibophozelekile somcimbi ohlanganisa isenzo esibizwa ngokuthi “iqhude elimboza isikhukhukazi".6
Ake sizame ukufunda ngobuqili ngomkhosi wokuvula umnyango wethempeli emagqumeni at I-Phú Lộc isigodi (UVĩnh Phú)10 ngolwesithupha Ttt usuku.
Unyaka ngamunye, ngalolo suku, i-TEMPLE GUARDIAN (ophethe ithempeli) iletha iqhude kanye nesikhukhukazi bese ihamba nomphathi oyinhloko emagqumeni angavunyelwe ukuvula iminyango yeThợợng (phezulu) ithempeli (ukukhulekelwa kwe-Genius yentaba Tản Viên kanye nengqondongqondo yakhe engaphansi kweTiger). Bahambisana nenani lezinsizwa nezintombazanyana ezisezilalini - inani lezinsizwa kumele lilingane nelamantombazane amancane, futhi bonke kufanele babe ngabantu abangashadile. Lezi zinsizwa zigqoke okhalweni, azinamabhulukwe, futhi zinamakhanda omakhanda aboshwe ngamakhanda womabili, kwavela ngamunye wabo ephethe umnsalo nemicibisholo emithathu.
Amantombazane amancane agqoka izikhindi ezimfishane nezigqoko kodwa awekho amashuni. Ezindaweni lapho kugujwa khona lo mcimbi, iminsalo nemicibisholo ibekwa kahle e-altare, kugcwele intuthu nempepho. Khonamanjalo, u-Guardian waseThempelini kanye noMphathi Oyinhloko bakhonza ngasese engxenyeni engaphakathi yethempeli, bese bebeka lezi zinyoni ezimbili eziboshiwe phambi kwethempeli. Ngemuva kwalokho, abantu abasha basemakhaya bangena ngaphakathi, bazonxenxa izihlakaniphi kulo mnsalo nemicibisholo yokukhuleka. Ngemuva kwalokho, bathola le micibisholo nemicibisholo enikezwe iziphonso zobuhlakani, ibavumela ukuthi bashaye izinhloso zabo noma nini lapho bedutshulwa. Kepha, njengamanje, le micibisholo isetshenziselwa ukudubula izinyoni ezimbili ukuze ziphume igazi. Inani legazi liqoqwe kupuleti lasendulo linikezwe izingcweti, kuqala umdanso wokuzingela. Lo ngumdanso owenziwe ngemuva kokuzingelwa, kwezilwane zasendle zokhokho bethu ngezikhathi zangaphambi komlando.
… Qhubeka esigabeni 2…
QAPHELA:
1 Hlanganisa uSolwazi HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela ku-Phylosophy of History.
6 Ngokusho kuka-LÊ TRUNG VŨ - I-Tết yendabuko yaseVietnam - I-Culture and Information Publishing House 1996 - amakhasi 125 kuye ku-127.
8 Ngokuka-BÙI LIÊN NAM - I-Tết (Usuku Lomnyaka Omusha) kanye nokulima - Ukubuyekezwa Komthetho - I-Spring Đinh Sửu (unyaka we-buffalo) 1997 - P.28.
9 Ngokuka-BÙI LIÊN NAM - Umkhosi Ukuqalisa Isikhathi Sokulima - Ukutshala imali - Đinh Sửu (Unyaka we-buffalo) Ntwasahlobo 1997 - P.24.
10 Ngokuka NGỌC ÁNH - Umagazini kaTết - U-Đinh Sửu (unyaka we-buffalo) entwasahlobo - k. 16.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
QAPHELA:
Umthombo: Unyaka Omusha WamaVietnam WamaVietnam - Umkhosi Omkhulu - Asso. UProf HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela we-Phylosophy emlandweni.
Text Umbhalo we-Bold nezithombe ze-sepia zisethwe nguBan Tu Thu khadangwadia.com
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