Umphakathi we-HA NHI wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam

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     Futhi ubizwa Co Cho, U Ni futhi Xa U Ni, i-HA NHI inezakhamizi ezibalelwa ku-19,954 ezihlala ezifundazweni zase Lai Chau¹ futhi Lao Cai ². Ulimi lwe-HA NHI lungolwesi IsiTibeto-Burmese³ iqembu. Ama-HA NHI ikakhulukazi akhonza okhokho bawo.

    Ziphila ngokutshala irayisi kuma-milpas noma emasimini. Bangolunye lwezinhlanga ezinesipiliyoni esihle sokubuyisa amasimu amabalele emithambekeni yezintaba, ukumba imisele, ukwakha amadamu amancane, ukusebenzisa izinkomo njengokugibela nokwenza ingadi eduze kwezindlu zawo.

    Ukwenziwa kwezilwane kuyakhiwa. Uksoka kanye ne-basketry kuyathandwa kakhulu. Phambilini, iningi le-HA NHI belingazenzela izingubo. Izingubo zabesifazane ziyahluka phakathi kwamaqembu amancane ahlukene: ahlotshiswe ngamaphethini anemibala (e-Lai Chau) noma i-indigo-dyed kuphela (eLao Cai).

    Ama-HA NHI athatha indlela yokuphila yokuhlala phansi. I-hamlet ngayinye iqukethe amakhaya angama-50-60. I-HA NHI iqukethe uhlu lomndeni oluningi. Uhlu ngalunye luqukethe amagatsha amaningi. Minyaka yonke, at Ngonyaka Omusha Wonyaka, amalungu wohlu olufanayo ahlangana ukuze alalele indoda endala ekhuluma ngamadlozi ayo. Abanye abazalwa bakhumbula emuva izizukulwane zabo ezingama-40.

    Izingane zivame ukuthatha igama likayise noma lesilwane elifanekisela izinsuku zabo zokuzalwa njengegama labo eliphakathi. Izinsizwa nezintombi zikhululekile ukukhetha ozakwabo. Umbhangqwana ngamunye unemishado emibili. Ngemuva komshado wokuqala insizwa nezintombi baba yindoda nomfazi. Umakoti uza azohlala nomndeni womyeni wakhe futhi athathe igama lomndeni wethne lomyeni wakhe. Indawo yokuhlala matrilocal ibuye ibonwe. Umshado wesibili uhlelwa lapho abashadikazi beceba noma benengane.

    Amasiko omngcwabo ahluka ngokuya ngezifunda, kepha eminye imikhuba ejwayelekile iye yanqoba. Lapho umuntu efa, ukwahlukaniswa kwegumbi lakhe lokulala kukhungathekile, bese kuthi kwehliswe i-altare lawoyise. Isidumbu sibekwe embhedeni ekhishini futhi singcwatshwe ngamahora nezinsuku ezinhle. Akukho mathuna alo lonke idolobhana. Ithuna aligcwele inhlabathi embozwe ngotshani.

    Eduze kwethuna, amatshe ahlanganisiwe; ayikho indlu yomngcwabo eyakhiwe.

    Ama-HA NHI anezindaba eziningi zasendulo nezindaba ezinde n amavesi. Izinsizwa nezintokazi zidlala imidanso yazo zihambisana nombukiso. Ziveza uthando lwazo b zidlala amaqabunga-i-oboe, i-lip zither kanye nemibhobho. Amantombazane amancane ayathanda ukudlala am-ba met-du, tuy-huy or nat-xi (izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemitshini yendabuko) ebusuku. Abafana abancane bayadlala la-khu, intambo zither. Emicimbini, kwenziwa izigubhu, amasimbali kanye nezinsimbi ezenziwa ngemijondolo. Ama-HA NHI anezingoma eziningi ezinjenge-lullabies, izingoma ze-duet, izingoma ngokuvulwa kwehhashi lomshado, ukwamukela izivakashi, nokwamukela Unyaka omusha. Ingoma yomshado we-HA NHI ku Isifunda saseMuong Te of Isifundazwe saseLai Chau iqukethe amavesi angama-400.

BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊  UMPHAKATHI WAMAQEMBU ETHNIC WAMA-54 eVietnam - Isigaba 1.
◊  Umphakathi we-BA NA wamaqembu angama-54 e-Vietnam.
◊  I-BO Y Community yamaqembu angama-54 wezinhlanga eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-BRAU wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-BRU-VAN KIEU wamaqembu ezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi weCHO RO wamaqembu angama-54 amaNhlanga eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-CO HO wamaqembu angama-54 wezinhlanga eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-CONG wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-CHUT wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi weChU RU wamaqembu ama-Ethnic angama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi weChAM wamaqembu angama-54 amaNhlanga eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-DAO wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊  Umphakathi we-GIAY wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): ICONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam - Phan 1.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi BA NA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi Bo Y trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHO RO trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi CONG trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi DAO trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi GIAY trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi GIA RAI trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo) ngeWeb-Voice (I-Web-Audio):  Nguoi HA NHI trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ njll.

BAN TU THU
07 / 2020

AMANOTHI:
¹ :… Iyabuyekeza…

QAPHELA:
◊ Umthombo & Izithombe:  Amaqembu angama-54 Ezinhlanga eVietnam, Abashicileli bakaTong Tan, we-2008.
◊ Zonke izingcaphuno nemibhalo ebhalwe ngomalukeke isethwe nguBan Tu Thu - khadangwadia.com