ITAY NINH - Cochinchina

3718 Ukubukwa

UMARCEL BERNANOISE¹

I. I-Physical Geography

Isifundazwe UTayninh [UTây Ninh] inendawo engaphezulu kwamahektare angama-450.000, futhi iboshwe enyakatho nasentshonalanga yiCambodia, eningizimu yizifundazwe UGiadinh [Gia Định], I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] futhi IThanani [UT. An] nasempumalanga nge Saigon [Sài Gòn] umfula. Umhlabathi wephule ngabodwa, intaba ebizwa ngokuthi "UNui Ba Den"[ngi Bà Đen], Amamitha angu-1.000 ukuphakama, indawo ephezulu kunazo zonke eCochin-China.

HYDROGRAPHY

Imizila yamanzi yesifundazwe yile Saigon [Sài Gòn] umfula kanye [I-Vàm Cỏ] umfula onemikhawulo yawo, oyinhloko yawo imifula (i-rach) I-Cai Bac [Cái Bạc], ISoc Om [ISoc Om], kanye UTayninh [UTây Ninh]. Lezi zindlela zamanzi zivumela izikebhe zamazinyane amancane ukuba zihambe zize zifinyelele Bheka [Lò Hamba] emfuleni I-Cai Bac [Cái Bạc], naku- UBen Cui [Bến Củi] use Saigon [Sài Gòn] umfula.

IZINDLELA ZOKUXHUMANA

UTayninh [UTây Ninh] isetshenziswa ukuxhumana ngamanzi yinkonzo yokuqalisa ephuma kabili ngenyanga UTayninh [UTây Ninh] futhi Saigon [Sài Gòn]. Futhi ngezimoto eziningi ezihamba emigwaqweni zisuka UTayninh [UTây Ninh] ukuze Saigon [Sài Gòn], nokumemeza UGoduha [Gò Dầu Hạ] futhi I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng]. Inethiwekhi yayo yemizila iqukethe:

Imigwaqo emibili:

Kusukela UTayninh [UTây Ninh] ukuze Saigon [Sài Gòn], enye yazo, indlela yasendaweni engu-12, eqhubekayo ngomzila wobukoloni 1, esebenza izikhungo ze I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng] futhi UGoduha [Gò Dầu Hạ]. UTayninh [UTây Ninh] ngu-99 km, I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng] 49 km futhi UGoduha [Gò Dầu Hạ] 60 km ukusuka Saigon [Sài Gòn] endleleni ISaigon-Pnom Penh [Sài Gòn-Pnôm Pênh];
Kunemizila emibili eholela I-Pnom Penh [I-Pnôm Pênh], indlela yobukoloni 1 edlula UGoduha [Gò Dầu Hạ], kanye nendlela yasendaweni engu-13 ukusuka UTayninh [UTây Ninh] okuthi, at I-Soairieng [I-Soài Riêng], ujoyina umzila wobukoloni 1 oholela I-Pnom Penh [I-Pnôm Pênh]. Ukushiya isifundazwe nganoma iyiphi indlela, umuntu kufanele awele ngesikebhe, kepha lokhu kuzothathelwa indawo ngebhuloho kungekudala;
Enye indlela iqhamuka UTayninh [UTây Ninh] ukuze UKedoi [Kẻ Đôi], isigodi esisezansi kwe UNui Ba Den [ngi Bà Đen], 15 km ukusuka UTayninh [UTây Ninh]. Le ndlela ihlukanisa:

a) emzileni, obungu-8.700 km ubude, oholela ezansi kwentaba, lapho unyawo lukulethela kuma-pagodas lapho uzothola khona “INdlovukazi emnyama”, Into eyithandayo

b) emzileni osakhiwa, kulandelwa indlela eholela engqungqutheleni ye UNui Ba Den [ngi Bà Đen];

4. Indlela yendawo 13, egijima kusuka UTayninh [UTây Ninh] ku Saigon [Sài Gòn] umfula, futhi ukusuka kuleli phuzu kuya esifundazweni Thudaumot [Thủ Đầu Một], enhle kakhulu, njengoba futhi kunjalo indlela eya I-Soairieng [I-Soài Riêng], ngokunqamula endaweni ehlathini egcwele umdlalo;

5. Indlela, eyi-15 km ubude, ukusuka I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng] ukuze IBungbinh [UBùng Binh], okuvela endaweni ethile ngenkathi eyomile, kukhona ithrekhi yenqola, yeqa osebeni Saigon [Sài Gòn] umfula;

6. Indlela, 1 km ngaphezu kwedolobha I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng], exhuma indlela yobukoloni 1, nemizila yesifundazwe ye I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn].

Ngaphandle kwale mizila emikhulu, isifundazwe sine:

a) indlela eya I-Xom Vinh [I-Xóm Vinh], aboshwe okungamakhilomitha amane kuphela, kepha angasetjenziswa izimoto zemoto ngesizini eyomile, indlela edlula esifundeni segeyimu nokwenza kube lula ukuvakashela umbhoshongo we UChot Mat [I-Chột Mắt];

b) I Thanhdien [Thanh Điền] indlela eseduze okuyi-pagoda equkethe izithixo ezithakazelisa okuthile.

II. I-Administrative Geography

IGAZI LOKUGCINA

UTayninh [UTây Ninh], eyayiyisifunda kuphela (Phu) sesifundazwe sase UGiadinh [Gia Định], ngaphansi kukahulumeni wama-Annamite, kwakheka isifundazwe ngo-Ephreli 14^th Ngo-1862 ngu-Admiral BONNARD. Lesi sifundazwe sehlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili, UThaibinh [enokuthula] futhi I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng]; owokuqala unenhlangano esesibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, kanti owesibili une-medical post ngaphansi kukadokotela wendabuko.

ISIHLOKO

Inabantu abaningi kuphela abangama-93.000, isifundazwe asinazikhungo ezibalulekile ngaphandle kwedolobha elikhulu, I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng] futhi UGoduha [Gò Dầu Hạ], okuyizi-100, 50 no-78 km ukusuka ngokulandelana Saigon [Sài Gòn]. Inani labantu lakhiwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

Ama-Annamites: 80707, abaseCambodian: 9457, Cham: 1110, Chinses: 781, Minh Huong: 377, baseYurophu: 87, amaNdiya: 31; Ingqikithi: 92550.

I-III. I-Ecomotional Geography

Awukho imboni ebalulekile esengakakhiwa. Umcebo oyinhloko wesifundazwe uqukethe ezolimo nokuzingela.

Noma ngubani ofisa ukuhamba emasimini nokusiza ekwakheni imikhiqizo, angathola imininingwane kalula ngokutshala i-hevea (enjoloba) isitshalo, umoba, ukufinyelela (umhlaba-amantongomane), kanye nokwenziwa kwe-indiarubber, ukucolisiswa kwamafutha kashukela kanye nama-nati. Bangakha futhi nomqondo wemithombo yezimali zesifundazwe maqondana nezinkuni zomlilo kanye nezingodo zokubaza.

I-FAUNA NEFLORA

Ngaphandle kokungena imininingwane eseduze, ukunakwa kufanele kudonswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo umuntu ahlangana nazo kuyo yonke indawo. Izinambuzane, izibankwa, izinduku, izinyamazane, imisebe, izinyoni zikhona lapha ngobuningi, phakathi kwazo okumelwe kubhalwe izingwe zasebukhosini, izinhlobo ezingakaze zibonwe zobhejane, nezinhlobonhlobo zama squirrel. Phakathi kwezinyoni kutholakala i-calao noma i-uphondo-umdweshu nezinkozi. Phakathi kwezinambuzane izinhlobo eziningi ze-cicindcla (ihlosi) nama-scarabs, nalabo abaziwa ngegama lika- “I-Coq des Bois"Ngubani, ngokubukeka kwawo okumhlophe ubukeka imbali.

Ngokuqondene neFlora lokhu ikakhulukazi kumelelwa ngamaferns ahlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo zama-orchid.

IV. Umlando

Imibhalo esemthethweni inephutha ngokuphelele kuze kube sekumeni irekhodi eliyiqiniso lomlando.

Ku-1850, i-Annamite mandarin HUYNH DUONG GIANG [UHuỳnh Đường Giang], obusa isifundazwe, wahlaselwa abaseCambodians. Uma ucabanga ukuthi ukumelana kwakhe kuyize, yena kanye nomphathi wakhe omkhulu uChanh Tong [Chánh Tổng], wazibulala. Kufakwe i-pagoda enkumbulweni yakhe ku- I-Tra Vong [Trà Vông], futhi lapho, umcimbi wokukhumbula wenziwa minyaka yonke. Ngalesi sikhathi u-Annamite ovela ku-Annam, ogama lakhe ngu-DANG VAN DUA [Đặng Văn Đua], bazinza engxenyeni eseningizimu yesifundazwe, futhi basungula I-Trangbang [UTrảng Bàng], lapho ithempeli lenzelwe khona enkumbulweni yakhe. Ngesikhathi sokunqoba kweFrance, i-mandarin ye UTayninh [UTây Ninh], eqanjwe ngo-KHAM TAN TUONG [I-Khâm Tấn Tường], yokwenqaba ukuzithoba, waphephela e Phu An Iya [uPhu An] (isigodi esise-Hao Duoc [Hào ĐưĐc]) futhi wahlanganisa ndawonye abalandeli abaningi. Bahlakazeka beqinile, futhi ukunqotshwa kwabo kwahambisana nokufa kukaKham Tan Tuong ngonyaka we-1860, kwaphawula ukuphela kokumelana kuka-Annamite.

AmaCambodians ngaphansi kweChampa, athatha insimu aqhubeka nayo UTayninh [UTây Ninh], nangomhlaka 7 Juni 1566 at UTruong Voi [I-Trường Voi] wahlangana namasosha aseFrance, okwadala ukuthi kulahlekelwe uCaptain LARCLAUSE kanye ne-LESAGE eyi-Captain, kanye nama-8 NCO's kanye namasosha. Kuthunyelwe amandla kabusha ngemuva kwale mpi, ngaphansi komyalo kaLt Colonel MARCHAISE. Ukuzibandakanya kwesibili kwenzeka ngomhlaka 14 June 1866 at Bang Dung [Bungng Dung] (idolobhana lase-Hao Duoc [I-Hào Đước]). Kwaphumela ekudukeni kweChampa, kepha kwabiza izimpilo of Lt. Colonel MARCHAISE. UCaptain BEXJAMEN kanye nama-13 NCO kanye namasosha enkampani yama-58 kwabangu-3^nd inhlangano yezempi.

BAN TU THƯ
4 / 2020

QAPHELA:
1: UMarcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Umdwebi, wazalelwa eValenciennes - isifunda esisenyakatho neFrance. Isifinyezo sempilo nomsebenzi:
+ I-1905-1920: Ukusebenza e-Indochina futhi ophethe ukuthunyelwa ku-Governor wase-Indochina;
+ 1910: Uthisha eFar East School of France;
+ I-1913: Kutadisha ubuciko bendabuko kanye nokushicilela izindatshana ezinobuchwepheshe;
+ 1920: Wabuyela eFrance futhi wahlela imibukiso yobuciko eNancy (1928), eParis (1929) - imidwebo yezwe mayelana neLorraine, iPyrenees, iParis, iMidi, iVillefranche-sur-mer, iSaint-Tropez, iYtalia, kanye nezinye izikhumbuzo kusuka eMpumalanga Ekude;
+ 1922: Kushicilelwa izincwadi zobuciko obuhlobisa eTonkin, e-Indochina;
+ 1925: Wine umklomelo omkhulu eMbukisweni WamaKoloni eMarseille, futhi wabambisana nomakhi wePavillon de l'Indochine ukudala isethi yezinto zangaphakathi;
+ I-1952: Ishona eneminyaka engu-68 futhi ishiya inqwaba yemidwebo nezithombe;
+ I-2017: Indawo yakhe yokusebenzela umdwebo yethulwe ngempumelelo yinzalo yakhe.

IZINDAWO ZOLWAZI:
◊ Bhuka “I-LA COCHINCHINE”- UMarcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [I-HĐứng Đức] Abashicileli, uHanoi, 2018.
◊ wikipedia.org
Amagama esiVietnam agqamile futhi omalukeke afakwe ngaphakathi kwamamaki wesilinganiso - asethelwe nguBan Tu Thu.

BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Ingxenye 1
◊ CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Ingxenye 2
◊ SAIGON - La Cochinchine
◊ I-GIA DINH - La Cochinchine
◊ BIEN HOA - La Cochinchine
◊ I-THU DAU MOT - La Cochinchine
◊ I-MY THO - La Cochinchine
◊ TAN AN - La Cochinchine
◊ COCHINCHINA