Ngaphambi kokuDlulisa amehlo emhlabeni - Isigaba 1
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH1
Khumbula Ukuphakama Komhlaba
Ngemuva kokukhipha okhokho babo, abantu bayabheka Ttt njengoba esehambile. Kodwa-ke, wonke umuntu uyaqhubeka nokujabulela intwasahlobo ngoba kufanele alinde umkhosi ocela imvume kuye Genius woMhlaba ukuqala ukusebenza emasimini. Ngokusho kophenyo lwabakwaWestern yonke imisebenzi ethinta umhlaba noma yini ekhiqizwe ngumhlaba kufanele ilinde lo mcimbi, isb. Ukumba, ukulima, ukuhlasela, ukuvuna, ukushaya irayisi, ukugawula izihlahla, ukukhipha amaqabunga njengoba kuqoshwa H. OGER.
Noma yimuphi umuntu onecala uzojeziswa yilowo mzana. Uma ngeshwa othile efa ezinsukwini ezintathu Ttt, abantu kufanele balinde kuze kube ngemuva kwalomkhosi ukuze babambe ithuna lakhe ngisho nokudonsa utshani bese bekha amagatsha kungasasebenzi. Lokhu kunciphiswa kubuye kubonwe yi- Việt futhi Mường.
AbaseNtshonalanga abaqondi ukuthi kungani Genius woMhlaba angeke kuphazamiseke ezinsukwini zokuqala zonyaka, kungani umsebenzi wokulima uphazamiseka ngalesi sikhathi. Bacabanga ukuthi lo mbungu ubonakala ezinganekwaneni zezizwe eziningi: ngezikhathi ezithile ubuhlakani bufa buye bube buphila. Kodwa-ke, amaVietnam namaShayina Genius woMhlaba akafanga kepha ushiya umhlaba kuphela.
Womabili la mazwe athatha usuku lwamashumi amabili nantathu lwenyanga yeshumi nambili njengosuku lokukhipha Genius wasekhishini ebusuku. Kepha uzobuya ngobusuku bamashumi amathathu eVietnam nangosuku lwesine lwenyanga yokuqala eChina.5
I-Rite yokuqalisa Ukusebenza Izinsimu
I- “Ground Breaking Ceremony” ebizwa nangokuthi “Khai canh” “Ukuqala ukulima” noma “Ukuqalisa Isikhathi Sokulima”
Njengoba sazi, “Động thổ”Kusho ukuthinta umhlabathi ie ukuphula inhlabathi. Lokhu Động thổ Umkhosi futhi ngumkhosi wokukhulekela uhlobo lomhlaba (Thần đất noma Thổn) ukumcela imvume yokuthinta umhlabathi wokulima, wokulima nokutshala onyakeni omusha ngemuva kwenkathi yokuphumula, kwabesilisa nasemhlabeni ngonyaka ubudala. Ake siyeke ukubona intuthuko nokubaluleka kwalokhu Umkhosi Wokuqhekeka Oyingxenye.
Izingubo Zomhlaba
Emcimbini wokuqala ukusebenza amasimu, abadala bendawo kanye nezikhulu bayayihola, ngokusho kwezincwadi eziningi zaseVietnam namaphepha ezindaba. Iminikelo iqukethe impepho, i-betel, utshwala, izingubo zamaphepha nemali yamaphepha okuvota. Egqoke ingubo yama-mandarin eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umphathi womkhosi wenza ukumba okuthile bese ethatha igoda lomhlaba e-altare ukuze acele imvume yokuthi abantu bendawo baqale ukulima, ukuhlukumeza nokuvuna. Incazelo yomcimbi inikezwa ngumuntu waseNtshonalanga ngemininingwane ebalulekile.
Ngaphambi komzuzu Umkhosi Wokuqhekeka Oyingxenye Ubanjwa, lowo olima noma izinselo zakhe ngokuzimele ukuqala umsebenzi wokulima uzokhokhiswa inhlawulo ngabaphathi bedolobhana. Amasiko endawo angahle abe mncane lapho enqabela imindeni eshonelwe uma ngeshwa enamalungu edlulile phakathi Izinsuku ezingama-3 ukumba ithuna futhi lapho ebaphoqa ukuthi balinde kuze kufike lapho lo muzi ubambe Ukuqhuma phansi ukuqala umngcwabo.
Umlando waseVietnam uqophe inganekwane ngeKing Huøng yokulima nangaphansi kwe Đinh Lê izinkathi, nkosi Le Dai Hanh ukugubha "Lễ Tịch Điền"(Inkambu yokulima yiNkosi) Kamuva, abanye abaphathi babamba "Lễ Tịch Điền"Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kanye nesiko"ukukhuleka iSky Buffalo ngemisiko ephelele"(UTết Xuân Ngưu) unyaka ngamunye eTết.
Ngokuvamile, i- "Lễ động thổ”Kubanjwa amasiko ahlukahlukene ngokuya ngendawo noma umzuzu. Ezindaweni ezithile, lo mgambo wenziwa enkundleni yezirayisi eduze kwegceke lethempeli. Umdala wokuqala wedolobhana ogqoke kahle ungene ethempelini, akhanyise izinduku zejoss, athandaze kwabakwaGenii, bese ehlela endaweni yerayisi ukuyolima futhi alime umugqa oqondile ongokomfanekiso. Ukuhamba eduze kwakhe kungowesifazane (indima edlalwe yindoda efihliwe) ikala izithombo zerayisi bese iphonsa izinyanda zezithombo zayo ngakolunye uhlangothi futhi izithwesa izithombo ezimbalwa ezingokomfanekiso. Ebhange, izakhamizi zimemeza zinhlokoma zixuba amazwi abo ngesigubhu esimnandi esigcwele umfutho. Ngemuva kwalokho, izibulo lokuqala lize ebhange limemeze kakhulu: “Umuzi usungule isikhathi sokulima, wonke umuntu uvunyelwe ukulima, athandaze kuNkulunkulu ukuthi sizoba nezilimo ezinhle kulo nyaka?".
Kwezinye izindawo, lo mcimbi ubanjelwa e Umkhosi wasentwasahlobo futhi abantu bayalima ngebuffalo inkohliso”. Le buffalo inkulu njengeyangempela ebekwe ngotshani, noma eyenziwe ngo-bamboo laths, inengxenye yayo engaphandle igqoke zonke izinhlobo zephepha eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu okunamathiselwe kulo, kuyilapho ingaphakathi langaphakathi lithathwa ngumuntu olisebenzisayo. Ngaleso sizathu, i-buffalo inkohliso isebenza ngokungabonakali futhi ngokuvumelanayo njengeyangempela.
Umgubho oshiwo ngenhla obukeka njengomdlalo ohlekisayo uheha futhi ubangele ukubuthana okukhulu kwezakhamizi, ngaleyo ndlela zidale isimo esimnandi khona ngosuku lokuqala lwentwasahlobo esifundeni sezakhamuzi ezimile zelayisi.6
Amaqebelengwane amathathu oMhlaba asemhlabeni
Umkhosi wenzeka e Thọ Nham isigodi, Phu Khê indoni, UKhoái Châu isifunda, I-Hưng Yên esifundazweni, ekuseni ngolwesibili kuFebhuwari 1910. Ngokwekhalenda elikhishwe yi Inkantolo yaseHuế, umkhosi uvame ukwenziwa ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokuqala konyaka, kepha ngo-1910 wawela kowokuqala noma kolwesibili.
Endlini yomphakathi wakuleya ndawo ekuseni umkhandlu wedolobhana waphuza utshwala, wahlafuna i-betel futhi wakhetha umphathi womkhosi (MC) ngokwesiko kufanele abe yindoda edlule amashumi ayisithupha. Umsizi wakhe kufanele abe ngaphansi kweminyaka engama-50. Ngemuva kwalokho kubekwa i-altare phansi kwe-banyan. Le minikelo yayihlanganisa izingwegwe zegolide eziningi emalini yamaphepha evoti, ugqoko wotshwala, izixha ezimbili ze-arecanut nesigqoko esenziwe ngekhadibhodi esifana nesigqoko sesikhulu.
Kuthe ngehora lesishiyagalolunye waqala umcimbi. Umphathi womcimbi egqoke okumnyama futhi umsizi wakhe egqoke okumnyama wasondela ealtare wafikelwa kowtowed kathathu. Lesi yisibonakaliso. U-MC uzikhombisile futhi washo inhloso yalo mcimbi, wabe eseshiya i-altare waya ngaseningizimu, ngemuva kwalokho wathatha i-scimitar waya ngasempumalanga. Wemba amahlandla amane ukuze akhiphe ikhekhe lesikwele lomhlaba umsizi wakhe aliletha empandeni yesihlahla esikhulu. Emva kwalokho la madoda amabili asebenzela ukuthola amanye amaqebelengwane amathathu omhlaba. Owokuqala wabekwa eceleni konyawo lwesokudla luka-MC, owesibili eceleni konyawo lwesobunxele, owesithathu phakathi kwabanye ababili.
Ngemuva kwalokho bobabili abesilisa babuyela e-altare futhi bahlala kathathu njengakuqala komcimbi. Ngemuva kwalokho, wonke umuntu waphuza utshwala, wahlafuna i-betel, kuyilapho imali yamaphepha evoti kanye nesigqoko kushiswa lapho. Emcimbini kwakukhona amadoda amabili eshaya izimpondo kanti enye ishaya isigubhu. Womathathu la madoda abhekisa ubuso bawo empumalanga.
QAPHELA:
1 Hlanganisa uSolwazi HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela ku-Phylosophy of History.
6 Ngokusho kuka-LÊ TRUNG VŨ - I-Tết yendabuko yaseVietnam - I-Culture and Information Publishing House 1996 - amakhasi 125 kuye ku-127.
BAN TU THU
01 / 2020
QAPHELA:
Umthombo: Unyaka Omusha WamaVietnam WamaVietnam - Umkhosi Omkhulu - Asso. UProf HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela we-Phylosophy emlandweni.
Images Izithombe ze-Bold kanye ne-sepia zisethwe nguBan Tu Thu - khadangwadia.com
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