Umlando we-TET MAGAZINES eCochin China - Ingxenye 1
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HUNG NGUYEN MANH
Iningi lezingcweti ezingomakadebona abaseminyakeni yama-30 kanye nama-40 liqinisekile ngokukholelwa ukuthi uMnu. UDiep Van Ky [I-Diệp Văn Kỳ] uqobo lwayo kwakuyindoda eyaqala ukuthatha isinyathelo sokuqala sokushicilela umagazini wokuqala wasentwasahlobo, kulandela ukunamathela kwayo kumbuthano wabezindaba - okuyi "UDong Phap"[Đông Pháp] Thoi bao [Thời báo] (Umagazini wesikhathi waseFrance Indochina) yekhansela lasedolobheni Nguyen Kim Dinh [Nguyễn Kim Đính] ngonyaka ka 19271.
Yize lowo magazini wawuphethwe Nguyen Kim Dinh [Nguyễn Kim Đính] - Umhleli wayo wayekhona UTran Huy Lieu [UTrần Huy Liệu] - I UDong Phap [Đông Pháp] isikhathi kwakuwumagazini oyingqayizivele owawunamathele enhlanganweni yobuzwe - eyakhula yathukuthela kakhulu ngalowo mzuzu - ngakho-ke yathola ukunakwa ngabantu ababeyamukela futhi beyifunda. Ngaleso sizathu, ngasekupheleni kuka-1927, i-Springtime Time Magazine, enamakhasi ambalwa nesayizi ejwayelekile, yavela, yanyatheliswa ngemibala ebomvu nemnyama, futhi yayisidayiswe ngokushesha.
Lokho okuqukethwe bekungamukelwa kanjani ngemfudumalo ngabafundi?
Ngabe kungenxa yokuvela kwamagama amakhulu osopolitiki abanjengo UPhan Chau Trinh [UPhan Châu Trinh], UPhan Boi Chau [UPhan Bội Châu], noma Bui Quang Chieu [I-B Qui Quang Chiêu]? Iqiniso lifakazela okuphambene nalokho - Kwakungenxa yenkondlo ethi "eccentric" Nguyen Khac Hieu [Nguyen Khac Hieu] nenkondlo yakhe ethi "Jabulela Isikhathi Sentwasahlobo" [I-Chơi Xuân]. Kufundwa lenkondlo “I-Chơi Xuân”Ebhalwe ngesitayela esilula seminyaka yama-30 kanye nama-40, ekuqaleni singakholelwa, ukuthi ubesitshela ngentokozo nogqozi lwesidakwa lapho ethulula ingilazi yakhe yewayini ngokumunca okukodwa, kodwa ngokukholwa kwethu, empeleni ukwenza, ukufingqwa kokuqala kwayo yonke imikhuba ehlukene yokujabulela Isikhathi Sentwasahlobo kuzo zonke izinkathi zomlando, kusuka eChina kuye Ezweni Lethu. Konke lokhu ngezinzwa zobuntu, ezepolitiki nezempi…, kuhlose ukuvusa ubuzwe.
Ngaleso sikhathi sesikhathi, yize sesivele sikhululiwe ebangeni lamaVietnam aseShayina nawaseShayina abhalwa phansi, lembongi eyayifisa ukuhola indlela yokuphila yaseFrance futhi ifunde ukukhuluma isiFulentshi, ayikwazanga ukwahlukana “nokwakhiwa okufana naye”.
Kwalandela ukubukeka kwe Than Chung [UThần Chung] (Isimanga se-Bell) Inkinga Yasentwasahlobo ngo-1929 - Kuyadabukisa ukuthi Than Chung [UThần Chung] waphila isikhashana; kwavela ngoJanuwari 7, 1929 futhi washona esemncane kakhulu ngoMashi 25, 1930.
The Than Chung [UThần Chung] nsuku zonke babene-pair of distichs eyaziswa kakhulu abafundi bayo ngaleso sikhathi:
"Izinsimbi zensimbi ekuseni zidlulisela kubantu bethu izifiso ezinhle kakhulu kulaba abathathu abajabule I-Tet [Ttt] izinsuku. Njengoba sikhathazeka ngokweqile futhi sigcwele izwe lethu lakudala, sethemba ukuthi sizothola amathuba amaningi amahle kulezi zinsuku zentwasahlobo. ”
Eminyakeni yama-30, kwakungekho amaphephandaba amaningi abhalwe "Quoc ngu"(Ulimi lukazwelonke lweLatinic), noma ngabe umphakathi obhaliwe wawenze ukujwayela amagama esiLatini. Phakathi kwalawo maphephandaba angavamile, i- Than Chung [UThần Chung] nsuku zonke kwakuyiyona ebaluleke kakhulu.
Phakathi kweqembu lezindaba elibhala amaphephandaba kanye nabamagazini entwasahlobo, ICong Luan [I-Công Luận] (Umbono Womphakathi) nsuku zonke kwakunesimiso esiqondisayo esibonakalayo: sokuba neqembu elihlukile labahleli lolo daba ngalunye lwangesikhathi saseNtwasahlobo - ngokwesibonelo udaba olukhethekile lwasentwasahlobo lonyaka ka-1931 lwalubhalwe ngabahleli Nguyen Van Ba [Nguyen Van Ba] futhi Phu Duc [I-Phú Đức]. Lapho kuvela izindaba ezikhethekile zasentwasahlobo elandelayo UVo Khac Thieu [UVõ Khắc Thiệu], UDiep Van Ky [I-Diệp Văn Kỳ], ke UTran Thieu Quy [UTrần Thiệu Quý].
Yize babongwa abafundi ngenkathi besenayo i- Than Chung [UThần Chung] nsuku zonke - iqembu Ky, Ba'[I-Kỳ, Bá] ukuvelela bekuncishisiwe lapho beyosebenzela i ICong Luan [I-Công Luận] nsuku zonke.
Kwenzeka icala elifanayo UTran Thieu Quy [UTrần Thiệu Quý] - lapho ephethe i- I-Trung Lap [I-Trung Lập] (Akakhethi) nsuku zonke, wayethokozelwa kakhulu abafundi, kepha lapho ejoyina ICong Luan [I-Công Luận], waphela kancane ukwazisa lokho.
Udaba lwasentwasahlobo - olushicilelwe ngaleyo ntwasahlobo - yize lwachazwa futhi lwakhanya - kwakusamele babelane ngesiphetho sesizwe esikhathini ngasinye esihlukile somlando. Esokuqala kwakuyisikhathi senhlekelele yezomnotho - futhi kumagazini wasentwasahlobo owashicilelwa ngoFebhuwari 14, 1931, umbhali Nguyen Van Ba [Nguyen Van Ba], umhleli, wayekhalaze ngosizi lwabantu baseCochin China esihlokweni sakhe esithi: “I-Tet [Ttt] konyaka wokugcina futhi I-Tet [Ttt] walo nyaka ”. Masifunde futhi isigaba, esigcwaliswe nge-pessimism, embhalweni wakhe ukuze sikwazi ukusiqhathanisa nesigaba esithanda impilo UTan Da Nguyen Khac Hieu [Tản Đà Nguyễn Khắc Hiếu] wabhala embhalweni wakhe onesihloko esithi: “Jabulela isikhathi sentwasahlobo”, okukhulunywe ngaso ngenhla.
"... Ngenkathi sijabulela okokugcina I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi, sonke besinesiqiniseko sokuthi sizokwazi ukujabulela isikhathi seTet salo nyaka, kepha besingalindele ukuthi sibe kanjena. Ngonyaka odlule besingenayo i- I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi esinjengalo nyaka I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi futhi ukukhuluma iqiniso, asikaze sibe okufanayo I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi emlandweni weCochin China.
Udabukisa kanjani kulo nyaka I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi sinjani? Kubuhlungu kanjani lokhu I-Tan Vi [IThn Vị] I-Tet [Ttt] isikhathi?
“… Ungacabangi ngezinsuku ezikude, kusukela ezinsukwini zokugcina I-Tan Vi [IThn Vị] unyaka (1871) kuze kube manje, ngemuva kokuba ngaphansi kwe-French Protectorate, wonke umuntu waseCochin China wayehlale kamnandi, futhi isikhathi ngasinye lapho I-Tet [Ttt] bafika, abantu baphuza ukubingelela ngenjabulo ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo kuze kube unyaka wokugcina (1930), lapho umkhathi nemidwebo bekungajabulisi futhi kuphithizela njengasesikhathini esedlule, kepha kusuka kumaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa kuya kwangamashumi ayisishiyagalombili I-Tet [Ttt] umkhathi usabonakala. Noma ngubani ozalelwe kulomhlaba uyakuqaphela lokho. Kodwa-ke, konke kuguquliwe kulokhu I-Tan Vi Tet [IThn Vị Tết] isikhathi, umuntu angasho ukuthi ngonyaka odlule sibe nezikhathi eziyishumi ngenkathi kulo nyaka singenayo neyodwa nje. Ngonyaka odlule, isitolo sithengisa amasilika I-Catinat umgwaqo ubungathengisa usuku ngalunye ama-piastres kasilika angamakhulu amane noma amahlanu, kulo nyaka, angathengisa kuphela ama-piastres angamashumi amathathu noma amane ngosuku. Wonke umuntu ukhala ngokuhlangana nokulahlekelwa… ”
Mayelana ne UDan abo [Dân báo] (Iphephandaba labantu) - Newsman Bui Wami [I-Bùi Thế Mỹ] wayeshicilele izindaba ze-3 ezilandelanayo zohlobo lwentwasahlobo: nge-1940-1941-1942. Ngaphandle kwabo, omagazini UDang Ngoc Anh [Dang Ngoc Anh] futhi UMai Van Ninh [Mai Văn Ninh] wayeshicilele izindaba ze-3 eminyakeni elandelanayo i-1943-1944 ne-1945.
Uma ngabe "ithoni" enomoya ophansi ibonakalisiwe ngesikhathi sobunzima bezomnotho, lapho kufika isikhathi sesikhathi sempi, lona leli toni lalisasebenza izixuku ngokusebenza kwengqondo okucasulayo. Masifunde futhi i-athikili ekhishwe ku- Dien Tin [Điện Tín] ku-1945.
“… Ngabantu ababezicashele ngaphansi komsele kuphela ababekwazi ukuthi ujule kangakanani umhlaba; futhi kuphela labo ababeye olwandle ababekwazi ukuthi ulwandle lwalukhulu kangakanani. Kule minyaka eyisithupha edlule, izwe lethu belifana nomkhumbi omi olwandle, kanti phakathi nezwe kusekhona umsele omncane wokukhosela. ”
… Qhubeka…
QAPHELA:
1: Ngokuya UDAO WALUNGISWA [Đào Hùng] - Omagazini besikhashana besikhashana baseTet - Funda futhi ubone Around the World Magazine - Intwasahlobo ka UNham Omncane [Nhâm Thìn] - 1952 - ephrintiwe ngo- UVo Van Van [Võ Văn Vânisitolo sokuphrinta - Saigon [Sài Gòn].
BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊ Umlando wama-TET MAGAZINI eCohin China - Ingxenye 2
BAN TU THU
11 / 2019