Imininingwane emayelana ne-SET OF BUKA enesihloko esithi "ISINGENISO SEZIJABULILI KWIZOBUCHWEPHESHE BABANTU BAKA-ANNAMESE"

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Asso. UProf. HUNG, NGUYEN MANH, PhD.

1. Leli iqoqo lezincwadi ezibhalwe ngesi- French ngu-OGER futhi ishicilelwe ngaphakathi Paris amakhophi angama-200. Ngayinye yazo inamakhasi ayi-159 (U-OGER wenze iphutha ku-pagination njengoba empeleni kunamakhasi ayi-156 kuphela), nemifanekiso engama-32. Phakathi kwamakhasi ayi-156, angama-79 kuwo abhekana nezindlela zokusebenza, ukwethula, ukushicilela, ubuciko bendabuko kanye nemisebenzi yansuku zonke yempilo; 30 phatha izinkomba eziphathelene nenqubo ejwayelekile, inqubo yama-chinese, imidlalo namathoyizi, 40 kuyo aqukethe okuqukethwe nezichasiselo zalowo nalowo amapuleti ku I-albhamu nokuqukethwe Okujwayelekile.

2. Engxenyeni yethula ubuciko bomdabu - ingxenye eyodwa yokuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwencwadi - UHENRI OGER uchaze imisebenzi eminingi yezandla efana nomsebenzi we-lacquer, efekethisiwe, umama-we-pearl, ukugoba izinkuni, ukwenziwa kwamaphepha nokunye ubuciko, obuthathwa yi-OGER njengobuqhamuka ephepheni njenge: parasol nokwenza abalandeli, imidwebo enemibala, ukuphrinta izincwadi. Ngemuva kwalokho uH.izimboni zomdabu”Njengokwakhiwa kwezindlu, ukuthuthwa, ukwelukwa kwendwangu, okokwembatha, ukudaya, imboni yokudla, ukucutshungulwa kwelayisi, ukwenziwa kwempuphu yelayisi, ukudoba kanye nokukhiqiza ugwayi…

3. Ebhekana nemisebenzi yezandla yomdabu, uH. OGER unake futhi wagcina iso elibukhali emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe. Urekhode isenzo ngasinye, isenzo ngasinye, uhlobo ngalunye lwezinsimbi, futhi uye wakhuluma ngezinto zokwakha, ikhwalithi, izifundo, izimo zokusebenza, ukusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, nokuqhathanisa nemikhiqizo EJapan, eChina… Ngamafuphi, u-H. OGER wayesekwenzile ukuthi kwakukhona imisebenzi eminingi yezandla ngaleso sikhathi ngombono wakhe owawungeke ugweme ukuzithoba, futhi kwase kufinyelele ekuhlolweni okuvamile okuhlose ukusebenzela indlela yaseFrance yokubusa. Ake sifunde izincazelo ezimbalwa ezilandelayo:

a. "Ababukeli abaningi abake bahlala ku-Annam bavame ukubhala kudayari yabo ye-Journey ukuthi: yonke imikhakha ibonakala icishe ayikho futhi ayibalulekanga ku-Annam. Futhi bebevame ukuthi: thina (okungukuthi amaFulentshi) akufanele sibukele phansi iminikelo yezisebenzi zomdabu kule nhlangano yezomnotho esifisa ukuyisabalalisa kuleli".

b. U-OGER ubonile. “Abalimi baseVietnam akudingeki ukuba baphile impilo enzima unyaka wonke, uma kunjalo, bavame ukuba nezinsuku ezinde zokungcebeleka. Ngalezo zinsuku zokuphumula, abalimi bazohlangana futhi basebenze njengeqembu lezisebenzi futhi imikhiqizo eyenziwayo iyoba isengezo sezezimali umsebenzi wokutshala irayisi ongakwazanga ukulethela sona, ikakhulukazi ngohlobo lwerayisi lase-Indochinese".

c. Yini inhlangano yabasebenzi? NgokukaH. OGER: “Umbutho unamaphuzu amabili aphambili: abasebenzi basebenzela ekhaya umqashi, futhi lo mqashi ufika ezindlini zabasebenzi ezolanda imikhiqizo yabo".

d. Kwesinye sahluko uH. OGER ubhale: “IVietnam izwe elikhiqiza upende oluningi, futhi upende eNyakatho ushibhile ikakhulukazi. Ngakho-ke, yonke impahla esetshenziswa nsuku zonke imbozwe ungqimba wepende, obavikela ekushiseni okushisa okubangela ukuba izindatshana zokhuni zichithwe ngokushesha. Upende okhiqizwayo awanele ngokwanele ukusetshenziswa ezweni, kepha futhi uyatholakala ngamanani amakhulu kakhulu wabathengisi abakhulu eCanton ukungenisa ezweni labo".

e. Ukwakha umbono we-laceterware we-vietnamese ngaleso sikhathi, u-OGER ucabanga ukuthi: "inqubo ye-lacquering yaseVietnam ayintekenteke futhi ihlakaniphile njengeye Japan. The Vietnamese sakaza kuphela ungqimba lukapende wekhwalithi ekhethekile ngaphezulu kwezinto zokhuni noma zoqalo, ezazisakazeke kahle ngaphambili, bese usebenzisa ubumba oluhle ukukholisha iziphambeko, bese uthengisela abantu abampofu imikhiqizo ehlanzekile. Ngaleso sizathu, izinto ezimbozwe yilolo ungqimba wepende zazivame ukufakwa uphawu lokunamathisela ”.

f. Ukubhekana nendaba yokuhlobisa, i-OGER icabanga ukuthi i-lacquerer yase-Vietnamese iyiboleka kuphela ku- “Izimpawu zeSino-Vietnamese"Njengombethe,"usesendaweni yakhe izifundo eziningi ezingenisiwe ezivela eChina azifanisa kabi”. Ekugcineni, u-Oger ukholelwa ukuthi i-laceterer ye-vietnamese ayizami ukubheka izifundo ezintsha zokuhlobisa "Ukusuka kokhokho kuya kuzalo, banikeza omunye kuphela izihloko eziningi ezinye ezaziqashelwe umqambi othile ongaziwa esikhathini esidlule ngomyalo”. Kwesinye isahluko, siyabona ukuthi i-OGER ibinake kakhulu izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamathuluzi nokushukuma komzimba…

g. “Uhlaka lokufeketha luhlobo lokuqalisa olulula. Lolu luhlaka olungunxande olwenziwe ngoqalo. Ibekwe emakamu amabili, futhi ucezu lwesilika luzofakwa ngaphakathi kwalo. Abantu baqinisa ucezu lwesilika ngemicu emincane ehlanganiswe ngokuzungeza uhlaka lwe-bamboo. Ngokuphathelene nephethini yokufeketha, idwetshwe kusengaphambili ephepheni le-annamese, uhlobo lwephepha elikhanyayo nelikhanyayo. Iphethini ibekwa endaweni yokuma yoqalo, futhi enye isakaza phezu kwayo ishidi elibonakalayo lephepha elayisi noma ucezu lwesilika. Kusetshenziswa ibhulashi lepeni, umfekethisi udlulisa iphethini losilika. Esahlukweni sokuthola iqiniso esisebenzisana nomdwebi okhiqiza imidwebo yesintu yaminyaka yonke, thina (okungukuthi amaFulentshi) sizohlangana futhi ngale ndlela enobuhlakani evumela umuntu ukuthi akhiqize kuze kube phakade ”.

h. "Umsebenzi womthungi wezikhumba udinga kakhulu ukusebenza kanzima nokuhleka kanye nobuchopho ngaphezu kobuhlakani. Ngaleso sizathu umuntu uvame ukuqasha izinsizwa noma abesifazane abasebasha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izingane zenze umsebenzi. Umsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ukwakha kabusha design ngezintambo ezinemibala ehlukahlukene. Umbethe uhlala phambi kohlaka, izinyawo zakhe welule ngaphansi kwazo. Ubamba inaliti ibheke ngaphezulu kwengcezu kasilika futhi udonsa ngokuqinile intambo ingavumeli amabala afiphele. Lokhu kuyindlela yokugcina imfashini isesimweni esihle futhi ihlala njalo. Kanye naye isibani, njengoba kufanele asebenze ubusuku nemini ukuze ahlangane nemiyalo eminingi.
Lesi sibani siqukethe i-inkpot yamasenti amabili egcwele uwoyela, kuthi phakathi nendawo ibe nentambo. Isifekethisi se-vietnamese sisebenza ngaphansi kwalesi sibani esikhanyayo eshunqa kakhulu futhi esinukayo. Ngaleso sizathu, kulula ukubona ukuthi asibatholi abantu abadala abasebenza njengabafekethisi - njengoba abantu abadala bavame ukuqashwa ukuthi basebenze kweminye imisebenzi yabantu baseVietnam.

BAN TU THU
06 / 2020

QAPHELA:
Umthombo: I-Technique of the Annamese People kaHenri Oger, ngo-1908-1909. UDkt Nguyen Manh Hung, uMcwaningi noMhlanganisi.
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