Umphakathi we-DAO wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam
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In Vietnam, umphakathi we-DAO unesibalo sabahlali abangama-685,432. Bahlala esifundeni esisenkabeni nasezifundeni ezintabeni kanye IVietnam-China1, Imingcele yaseVietnam futhi ngo neNyakatho yeVietnam, ngokungena phakathi Ha Giang2, UTuyen Quang3, ULao Cai 4, UYen Bai 5, UQuang Ninh6, Cao Bang7, Bac Kan8, ULai Chau9, Ndodana yeLang10, Nguyen waseThai11, INdodana uLa12, Hoa Binh13, Phu Tho14. Muva nje, bathuthele e- Central Highlands nengxenye esempumalanga ye South Vietnam. Umphakathi we-DAO uqukethe amaqembu amancane endawo anjenge UDao Quan trang (Umhlophe-ubaba uDao), UDao Quan chet (Ibhulukwe lamasondo uDao), UDao Tien (Uhlamvu lwemali Dao), UDao Thanh Y (Indigo-ubaba Dao), UDao Do (I-Red Dao). Esikhathini esedlule babebizwa kanjalo Indoda, i-Dong, i-Trai, i-Dai Ban, i-Tieu Ban, njll. Ulimi lwe-DAO lungolw amaHmong-Dao iqembu. I-DAO ikhonza ukhokho wayo okuthiwa Ban Ho15.
I-DAO ihlala ezinhlotsheni ezintathu zezindlu: izindlu izindlu ezakhiwe ngamatshe ezakhiwe emhlabathini nezindlu zihhafu ngocwecwe nengxenye phansi. Ziphila ikakhulu ngokulima irayisi kuma-milpas naseziNkanjini ezingaphansi komhlaba. Bakhulisa nezitshalo ezingaphansi. Njengamanje imindeni eminingi ye-DAO ku Central Highlands nengxenye esempumalanga ye South Vietnam ukuzibandakanya ukutshala ikhofi, upelepele nezinye izilimo zezimboni. Basebenzisa amathuluzi epulazi angajwayelekile kepha basebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezithuthukile zokulima. Ezinye zezinhlangothi zazo zakhiwa kufakwa ukubaza ngezindwangu, ukwenziwa kwamaphepha amaphepha kanye nokucindezela uwoyela wemifino.
Esikhathini esedlule i-DAO yathola izinkukhu eziningi zezingulube, ikakhulukazi emicimbini, emingcwabeni nasemishadweni. Kulezi zinsuku, ezindaweni eziningi, athuthukisa ukwalusa aze afike ezingeni lokukhiqizwa kwezimpahla.
Ezinsukwini zangaphambili, abesilisa be-DAO babegqoka izinwele zabo nge-chignon ngemuva kwentamo noma ngaphezulu kwekhanda. Kulezi zinsuku, zonke izinwele zabo zigundiwe imvunulo yabesilisa ye-DAO yakhiwa amabhulukwe, ivesti elifushane namabhantshi. Izembatho zabesifazane zigcwele ngokwengeziwe ngezimpawu eziningi zendabuko zokuhlobisa. Abesifazane beDAO bahlela izinwele zabo zibe zinde. Emshadweni, umakoti uvame ukufaka isigqoko emshadweni owedlule kufaka nemikhuba eminingi eyinkimbinkimbi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-matrilocal zesikhashana nezingunaphakade. Kodwa-ke, ngokujwayelekile, umakoti uza azohlala nomndeni womyeni wakhe. Imingcwabo nayo iveza amasiko amaningi asendulo. Kwezinye izifunda abantu abashonile abasukela eminyakeni engu-12 ubudala kuya phezulu bayashiswa.
I-DAO ikholelwa ukuthi kukhona imiphefumulo namademoni, ngakho-ke igcina imicikilisho eminingi eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebizayo.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwamalungu wohlu olufanayo busondele kakhulu. I-DAO ingakhomba isikhundla kanye nezikhundla zabantu bohlu olufanayo ngamagama abo aphakathi.
I-DAO inesiko nomlando osekuyisikhathi eside ukhona. Ulwazi lwabo lwesintu lucebile, ikakhulukazi umuthi wendabuko. I-DAO kade beyisebenzisa Imibhalo yesiShayina (kodwa liphinyiselwe ngendlela yeDao) ubizile Noma Dao.
BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊ UMPHAKATHI WAMAQEMBU ETHNIC WAMA-54 eVietnam - Isigaba 1.
◊ Umphakathi we-BA NA wamaqembu angama-54 e-Vietnam.
◊ I-BO Y Community yamaqembu angama-54 wezinhlanga eVietnam.
◊ Umphakathi we-BRAU wamaqembu wezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊ Umphakathi we-BRU-VAN KIEU wamaqembu ezinhlanga ezingama-54 eVietnam.
◊ Umphakathi weCHO RO wamaqembu angama-54 amaNhlanga eVietnam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): ICONG DONG 54 Dan toc Viet Nam - Phan 1.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi BA NA trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi Bo Y trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi BRAU trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi BRU-VAN KIEU trong Cong dong 54 Dan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi CHO RO trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi CHAM trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi CHU RU trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
Uhlobo lwe-Vietnamese (vi-VersiGoo): Nguoi CHUT trong Cong dong 54 UDan toc anh em o Viet Nam.
◊ njll.
BAN TU THU
06 / 2020
AMANOTHI:
1 :… Iyabuyekeza…
QAPHELA:
◊ Umthombo & Izithombe: Amaqembu angama-54 Ezinhlanga eVietnam, Abashicileli bakaTong Tan, we-2008.
◊ Zonke izingcaphuno nemibhalo ebhalwe ngomalukeke isethwe nguBan Tu Thu - khadangwadia.com