Isihloko Sencwadi - Holylandvietnamstudies.com

Kuliqiniso yini ukuthi le yiPANORAMA yeVIETNAMESE SOCIETY ekuqaleni kwalelikhulu leminyaka?

3084 Ukubukwa

Asso. Prof HUNG, NGUYEN MANH

Izinsalela zesikhathi esedlule

a. Lapho wenza okuphambene nomlando wesizwe sethu futhi ubuyela kwakudala
ama-dynasties kusukela ngekhulu le-18 nangaphambi kwalapho, singathola izichasiso zemibhalo yasendulo kanye nemibhalo yamaShayina esebenza njengedatha yamaqiniso, imicimbi yezepolitiki…
Kepha kuzoba nzima impela ukuthola imifanekiso embalwa, imidwebo embalwa engasisiza kanye nezizukulwane ezizayo ukuthola isithombe esinjengempilo yomphakathi wethu esikhathini ngasinye somlando.

b. Ngenhlanhla, ngasekuqaleni kwaleli khulu leminyaka, besinomthombo wamaphepha kazwelonke aqukethe izinkulungwane zemidwebo yamapulangwe, akha ukwethulwa kwesethenjwa okungakhanyisa izinkinga abantu ababhala ngazo ngezinto ezifana nomlando wakudala, izimo zomlando, kanye abanye abantu abanjengabahlobisi, abaculi, abacwaningi ngamasiko esintu… konke kudingeka bazi. Kepha lapha, yini esisengayibona emphakathini ongasekho esikhathini sethu? Singakwazi ukubona ngephanorama ye- Umphakathi waseVietnam ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, isikhathi sokuqala soguquko phakathi komlando wanamuhla nomlando wesimanje.

UMSEBENZI WESITATIMENDE ophathelene nama-SKETCHES kanye ne-PLACES agcinwa agcinekile

a. Leli iqoqo lezikebhe ngokwezibalo zethu Imidwebo engama-4577 yabantu (1), i-2529 phakathi kwabo basebenzelana nendoda kanye nesimo sendawo, futhi i-1049 phakathi kwalezi zipende ezingama-2529 zibonisa ubuso besifazane; ngokuqondene nemidwebo eseleyo engama-2048, bakhiqiza amathuluzi nemishini yokukhiqiza.

b. Isethi ligcinwe ku- Umtapo Wezincwadi WaseHanoi liqukethe imiqulu engu-7 engaboshelwe ngokuzithoba futhi inenombolo yekhodi HG18 - phambilini lesi sethi sasigcinwa ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi G5 we Umtapo weHanoi Central - Lo mtapo wolwazi ubusufakwe i-microfilmed April 1979, ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi SN / 805 ngobude bamamitha angama-40 amasentimitha.
Enye isethi igcinwa njengezinqolobane lapho ILabhulali Yezesayensi Okujwayelekile yedolobha laseHo Chi Minh - umtapo wezincwadi ekuqaleni owawuyingxenye ye- Ihhovisi lomtapo wezincwadi waseFrance Resident Superior - ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi 10511 - le sethi yayenziwe i-microfilmed okwesibili ngo-1975, futhi yahlanganiswa yaba imiqulu emibili.
Ekuqaleni, yona le sethi eyayakhiwa ngaleso sikhathi yamavolumu ayi-10, yayikade inikwe amandla amancane yi- Isikhungo Sezokuvubukula ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi i-VAPNHY ngoMeyi 24, 1962 (2) at I-Alfa Film Enterprise ngaphambili Saigon. Kodwa-ke, le microfilm ayinalo ikhasi lama-94 futhi inekhasi 95 iphindwe kabili (ngenxa yesiphene sobuchwepheshe).

c. Kukhona nevolumu eyinqaba yamakhasi ayi-120 aboshwe, agcinwe ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi ye-HE18a, efakwe microfilmed ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi SN / 495 ngobude obungu-5m5, futhi ophethe uphawu lwophawu I-Indochina Central Library lapho umuntu angabona khona inombolo 17924.
Lokhu kusethi egcinwe njengezingobo zomlando e- Umtapo Wezincwadi WaseHanoi. Okufanele ukunakeke wukuthi ekhoneni lesokunene lekhasi lokuqala, kunikezwa ukuzinikela okwabhalwa nguH. OGER uqobo, ukunikezela le ncwadi kuMbusi Jikelele u-ALBERT SARRAUT ofundeka kanjena:Nginikezwe ngenhlonipho uMbusi Jikelele u-Albert Sarraut ukuthi akhokhele isikweletu sami sokubonga ngomusa woMhlonishwa wakho ngokubheka imisebenzi yami yocwaningo (3). Idolobha laseVinh, Mashi…, 1912. UHenri Oger".

d. Asitholanga thuba lokuthola kabanzi ngayo kweminye imithombo, ikakhulukazi eParis, kodwa, enhlokodolobha yaseFrance, uSolwazi PIERRE HUARD (4) ube nokuqinisekiswa kanjena:
"Lo msebenzi oshicilelwe eVietnam awuzange ulandele noma yiziphi izinqubo zokufaka amalungelo obunini, ngakho-ke, akukho nelilodwa ikhophi elifakiwe kwi-National Library eParis. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuqonda ngomusa kweziphathimandla zaseVietnam (zangaphambili kukaSaigon), ngithole ikhophi elithathwe kopopayi elisuka kwikhophi enkulu ngaphansi kwenombolo yekhodi engu-10511 yeThala Lencwadi leHhovisi LaseCochchinese Resident Superior's..
The "I-École Française d'Extrême-Orient”Futhi inokubonga ikhophi ngosizo lwe Insiza Yezithombe - UMnyango Ophakathi Kwemibhalo eziphathelene Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokucwaninga Ngesayensi (CNRS) ".

Umsebenzi kaH. OGER ubhalwe ngokhuni futhi uthathe ukwakheka kwezinkuni ezincane kamuva eziphrinta ephepheni elikhulu lerayisi (I-65 x 42cm); amakhasi ayo angama-700 ahlelwe ngokungahlelekile nangokungahleliwe, ikhasi ngalinye liqukethe imidwebo eyi-6, eminye yayo ibhalwe ngezinombolo zaseRoma, ihambisana nezinganekwane ngezinhlamvu zesiChinese, kepha wonke ahlelwe ngokungahlelekile. Inani lamakhophi ashicilelwe lingaphezulu kakhulu
limited: isethi kuphela esingu-15 kanye nevolumu elilodwa elingajwayelekile. Isethi ngayinye iboshelwe kuma-fascicles ayi-7, 8, noma angu-10. Okwamanje, kunamasethi amabili kuphela kanye nomthamo owodwa ongathandeki eVietnam (5).

… Iyabuyekeza…

QAPHELA:
(1) Siwaqedile amakhophi ayizimpinda kanye nalawo abonisa amathuluzi amancane kakhulu angakhonjwa kahle.
(2) a. Sifunde ukuthi Mnu. PHAN HUY THUY, umcwaningi ngamasiko futhi owake waba yinhloko yezikhulu e Isayensi Yezokuvubukula, ubesenake leyo sethi yemidwebo futhi wayethumele iMicrofilm eMelika (cishe ngo-1972) ukuze ikhule ibe amanye amakhophi amaningi. Kepha, njengoba izindleko zaziphezulu kakhulu, zakhe
Inhloso yokuthumela lawo makhophi kuzo zonke izikole zobungcweti kanye nezikole zobuciko azizange zenzeke. Kamuva, IVan Hanh University ubesebenzisa le microfilm eshiwo ukuthuthuka ibe izithombe ezincane azithumele kochwepheshe ezweni nakwamanye amazwe. Umphenyi u-NGUYEN DON wayexhumana nale microfilm ekuqaleni kakhulu.
b. EParis, abacwaningi abaziwayo abanjengoMnu HOANG XUAN HAN, NGUYEN TRAN HUAN, noPIERRE HUARD kungenzeka babenayo le microfilm eshiwo ngaphambili.
(3) I-Monsieur le Gouverneur Général SARRAUT ibizela ukuhlonipha lelien bienveillant intérêt qu'il veut bien apporter à mes études. IVinh le… IMars 1912. UHenri Oger.
(4) I-PIERRE HUARD: Isazi sase-French Orientalist, sisebenzisana no-Orientalist MAURICE DURAND womsebenzi owaziwa ngokuthi "Funda ngeVietnam (IConnaissance du Vietnam) ”, Eyanyatheliswa ngo-1954 eHanoi. PIERRE HUARD - Le pionnier de la technologie Vietnam (Iphayona kubuchwepheshe be-vietnamese- HENRI OGER - BEFEO - TL VII 1970, amakhasi 215,217.
(5) Sixhumana nalawa masethi amabili emitapo yolwazi emibili emikhulu: ILabhulali Yesizwe YaseHanoi (e 1985) kanye ILabhulali Yesizwe yaseSaigon (e 1962). Le setha yokugcina isagcinwa njengezingobo zomlando e ILabhulali Yezesayensi Okujwayelekile edolobheni lase Ho Ho Minh (Siphinde sayibona ngo-1984).