Ukukhathazeka NGABANTU BESIFUNDAZANE - Ukukhathazeka nge-KITCHEN ne-CAKES

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HUNG NGUYEN MANH ¹

      Empilweni yabo yendabuko yokulima, abantu baseVietnam kufanele njalo babhekane nezinhlekelele, izikhukhula ... ingasaphathwa eyempi ... Ngaleso sizathu, lapho belungiselela ukujabulela injabulo I-Tet isikhathi, lo Vietnamese kumele yazi ukuthi ingahlinzeka kanjani ngayo yonke into… Lokhu kukhathazeka akuvamile ukuheha abacwaningi Izifundo zaseVietnam njengoba zofihlwa empilweni ejwayelekile yamaVietnam. Esimweni sethu samanje, ngaphansi kwamehlo umcwaningi H. Oger, konke kumele kuvezwe ukukhanya.

Ukukhathazeka nge-CHICKEN ne-CAKES

     Ngaphambi kokungena endlini, kufanele sime isikhashana phambi kwesango ukuze sibheke okuzungezile. Kuyafana nalapho silungiselela ukwamukela Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka. Kufanele sikuthathe kalula ngokubekezela okukhulu futhi kufanele sazi ukulinda futhi sijabulele izinsuku zangaphambi komkhosi omkhulu ngendlela eqotho.

     Okokuqala okufanele sikulandele IHENRI OGER ukuhambela kahle ukwenza umndeni. Inhloso yethu enkulu akuyona ukubona ukuthi umndeni uwenza kanjani amalungiselelo okuhlobisa endlini noma lokho okuthengile lapho ulungiselela umkhosi. Inhloso yethu ukubheka izinkukhu zomndeni ezibandayo noma izingulube (Umdwebo.4)

     Okwe-Vietnamese, noma kunjalo Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka kuthiwa ubonwa izinsuku ezintathu kuphela, empeleni ukulungiselela kwawo kwenziwa cishe unyaka wonke. Inyama yenkukhu futhi izingulube bavuswa kusenesikhathi ukuze bakhule babe ngabakhulile ngesikhathi se Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka. Ngokuphathelene naleyomindeni ekwazi ukwenza bánh chưng (ikhekhe lesikwele elenziwe ngerayisi elimenyezelayo, ubhontshisi oluhlaza okotshani nengulube, futhi okugoqwe ngamaqabunga esihlahla se-maranta) kufanele balungiselele irayisi eli-glutinous, ubhontshisi oluhlaza… kusukela ekuqaleni kukaDisemba. Ngisho namaqabunga e-maranta, amateyipu oqalo kufanele alungiselelwe kusengaphambili, angalindi kuze kube yizinsuku ezithile ngaphambili Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha. Bazilungiselela kanjani lezi zinto? Kulabo abathola iziza zomhlaba wokutshala ingadi, kufanele baqoqe unyaka wonke amaqabunga awileyo bawagcine ngaphezulu kwesitofu sabo ekhishini ukuze basonge giyo (inyama yengulube noma inyama yenkomo)!

    Mayelana nokwenza amakhekhe ayisikwele, leyo mindeni esetshenziselwa ukugoqa amakhekhe ngamakhasi abilisiwe e-maranta, emva kokuba amaqabunga ebilisiwe kahle, izowabophela eduze kwezinsika zendlu ukuze zisetshenziswe kalula. Kuleyo mindeni ekhetha ikhekhe elisongwe ngamaqabunga amasha (amaqabunga angafakwanga) ukuze kugcinwe ikhekhe elingembuliwe liluhlaza, kufanele bathenge amaqabunga kusukela maphakathi noDisemba njengoba intengo yamaqabunga ama-maranta ihlala iguquguquka kakhulu phakathi nezinsuku zokugcina zonyaka.

     Mayelana nembiza ye "bánh chưng"(ikhekhe elikhazimulayo yerayisi) uhlobo lwekhekhe olungenakushiywa ku izinsuku 3 we Vietnamese yendabuko Ttt.

     I "Ikhekhe le-Chung”Idinga izinto ezimbili ezibalulekile: irayisi enamathelayo nengulube. Emaphandleni asenyakatho, phakathi kwezimbalwasawu"(ingxenye yeshumi yama mauu noma amamitha angama-sq) zezindawo zokugcina irayisi ezisetshenziselwa ukutshala irayisi, umkhaya ngamunye wawusebenzisa ukonga ezimbalwa zokutshala irayisi elimnandi (I-Fig. 5).

    Kepha irayisi elikhazimulayo elikhethiwe kufanele kube ilayisi elinombala ophuzi oluhlotshisiwe noma lona onephunga elimnandi elinamabele afanayo angenza irayisi elinamathelayo lenziwe impela. Ingulube esetshenziselwa ukulungisa ikhekhe kufanele ibe yileyo yezingulube ezondisiwe kusukela enyangeni yesi-7 noma yesi-8. Abanye abantu ababona kusengaphambili baze baqale ukukhulisa izingulube zabo njengoba irayisi lenyanga yesihlanu izithwala isisindo esingamakhilogremu eTết.

    Emaphandleni aseNyakatho, kukhona imindeni enamalungu angabasebenzi, abathengisi, abathengisi… abangenabani wokunakekela amasimu elayisi, okunonisa izingulube, ngakho-ke kufanele baqoqe imindeni emi-5 noma eyisi-7 ndawonye benze uhlobo inhlangano encane (igama elivamile ngesiVietnam lithi "đánh đụng”Okusho ukubulawa nokwabelana) ebizwa ngokuthi "Hội bánh chưng"(Inhlangano yokwabelana ikhekhe elikhazimulayo lesikwele), "Hội giò"(Inhlangano yokwabelana ngokunameka inyama). Umuntu ophethe lolo hlobo lwenhlangano encane wayezoqoqa, ngokwezidingo zomndeni ngamunye, isamba esikhulu noma esincane semali ukondla izingulube, ukutshala ilayisi noma ukuthenga ilayisi. Ngakho-ke, lapho uTết efika, leyo nhlangano encane inerayisi nengulube eyanele yokwenza amakhekhe ayisikwele amnyama namaphakethe enyama awenzela amalungu ayo.

    Ngokuphathelene nezinye izinto zokwengeza ezinjengobhontshisi oluhlaza noma amaqabunga ama-marenta, amanye amalungu angazinakekela. Leli siko lingahunyushwa ngomzimba ngezikhathi nangezindawo ezahlukahlukene, kepha singachaza ngokweqiniso: Njalo ngonyaka, kuvame ukuqala ngomhlaka 20 wenyanga eyi-12, izinhlangano ezincane zokwabelana ngamaqebelengwane esikwele esimnandi kanye ne-pastesbegin yenyama ukubuzana bulala izingulube, usike ingulube, uthenge irayisi elinamathelayo (I-Fig.6), futhi usakaze ubhontshisi oluhlaza kanye namaqabunga ama-marenta.

     Mayelana nengulube, ngemuva kokusatshalaliswa, okuwukuphela kwento esele yilezi ezifakwa, amalungu enhlangano angayibilisa bese ihlangana ukuze ibe no-booze. Ngemuva kwalokho, umsebenzi wenhlangano ubhekwa njengofezekile, umuntu ulinda unyaka olandelayo ukuhlangana futhi. Ngaleso sikhathi, isibalo samalungu singakhuphuka noma sinciphe futhi umuntu ophethe angaqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe uma esenokwethenjwa yilungu lenye inhlangano. Lo msebenzi ohlanganyelwe uveza ubumbano “oluphuthumayo” lwabantu abahlala ezindaweni ezimanzi zelayisi.

     Ngokuvumelana ne UPhan Kế Bính emsebenzini wakhe onesihloko Amasiko waseVietnam emaphandleni, abantu bavame ukuba ne-tontine (*) yekhekhe le-rice elinezikwele, i-tontine yengulube, i-tontine yenkomo, i-tontine yelayisi - evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-tontine yokujabulela Ttt. Ibhange le-tontine liqoqa njalo ngenyanga inani elithile lemali kumalungu bese lisebenzisa leyo mali ukwenza inzuzo ethile, kuthi lapho kuphela unyaka, lelo nani lelo lizosetshenziselwa ukuthenga inkabi, ingulube nelayisi ukwenza amakhekhe bese uwahambisa phakathi kwamalungu we-tontine ukuwajabulela Ttt. Le ndlela ye-tontine iphoqa umuntu ngamunye ukuthi akhokhe kancane kancane imali encane, kuyilapho kumsiza ukuba angakhathazeki lapho Ttt uyeza. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi seTet, umndeni ngamunye wayevame ukupheka amabhodwe amaqebelengwane erayisi angamakhilogremu asebenzisa ama-5 noma ama-3 kilos noma okungenani ama-10 kilos elayisi, ngokuya ngesimo sezimali somndeni, nembiza ye-anyanisi egayiwe edliwe ngamafutha nekhekhe elimnandi lesikwele njengoba kushiwo umusho: “inyama enamafutha, u-anyanisi oqoshiwe nomusho ofanayo obomvu”. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abantu abasebenza kahle bangaba nayo imbiza eyengeziwe yenyama enamafutha noma imbiza yezinhlanzi enomphetho enophekiwe egcinwe ifudumele kusizi lwerayisi noma zombili. Abantu abacebile bangenza ingulube-uphaya.

     Ngaphandle kokudliwayo okushiwo, umndeni othile ubuye uhlale ulungile i-cockerel (iqhude elingakaze lithinte noma yisiphi isikhukhukazi) ezizobulawa lapho umndeni unikela ngehora lesikhashana. Kuhle ukwenza imindeni isalungiselele i-capon, ekhuluphele kusukela ngenyanga yesi-9 noma ye-10 yonyaka wenyanga, ngombono wedili ukuphatha izivakashi zawo ezihlonishwayo e- I-Tet.²

     Ngaphandle kwenyama namakhekhe, umuntu kufanele futhi akhathazeke ngezimbiza ezincane zika-anyanisi oqoshiwe osuvele ulungiselelwe kusukela ekuqaleni kukaDisemba ukuze zisetshenziswe Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha (I-Fig.7)

      Kufanele futhi bathathe futhi bathathe izingadi zabo ukuze izihlahla zabo zikhule ngezithelo nezimbali ngesikhathi somkhosi. Kuze kube manje, kufanele zithole inqubo nekhono lesiko lezicubu, ngokuxhunyelelwa, ukuqhakaza, ukushiya amaqabunga, ukusheshisa nokuqhakaza. Ngokuqondene ne-narcissus yezimbali zayo ezinephunga elimnandi legolide zivame ukuqhakaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kufanele zithambise futhi zisiphungule isitshalo kusukela ekuqaleni kwenyanga yeshumi nambili.

     IHENRI OGER usinikezile umdwebo womlimi onakekela izihlumela ze-orchid zakhe (I-Fig.8) ukwenza isitshalo siqhakaze entandweni yakhe.

     Ngaphandle kwezimbali nezitshalo zomhlobiso omfushane (I-Fig.9), abantu futhi bajabulela ibhilikotsi elimhlophe, i-camellia, i-kumquat, ipentshisi elibomvu nelimhlophe, i-bignonia… nezithelo zizonke. Zonke lezi zinto ziyalungiswa futhi zinakekelwe ngaphambi komkhosi.

    Ekhuluma ngezithelo, kufanele kukhulunywe ngethreyi yezithelo ezinhlanu evame ukubonwa ezindaweni zasemakhaya zaseVietnam ngesikhathi Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka. Okwamadolobha, ama-kumquats kungcono. Ugqoko wezithelo ezinhlanu ubekwa e-altare lokhokho ngenkathi umuthi we-kumquat ihlelwe maphakathi nendlu. Lezi zinto zenza umkhathi womkhosi ube ojabulisa ngokwengeziwe futhi ofanele. Umuthi weKumquat kuvame ukufakwa ebhodweni elihlanganisiwe elinombala wesikhumba se swamp-eel elenziwe eHongkong, Thổ Hào or IQue Quao abangabakhiqizi abaziwayo bezimbiza zezimbotshana nezimbiza. Izihlahla zeKumquat zigcinwe ngobuchule ukuze zibe nesisindo sezithelo eziningi ezinkulu, zegolide nezicwebezelayo, amahlamvu azo akhanyayo aluhlaza, kanti iziqu zawo zikhula ngokuqinile ngamagatsha aqine nomthunzi oyindilinga. Ama-Connoisseurs anokuthanda okuhle ngokukhethekile ama-kumquats yezinhlobo zaseVietnam.

    Ohlangothini lwamalungiselelo ahlukile, kuya ngendawo nomndeni, the Vietnamese Kaningi besenza okuthile ndawonye belungiselela izinsuku ezintathu ze Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka. Sekuwumkhuba wendabuko, ngokwesibonelo, umkhuba wemizamo ehlangene yokwenza amakhekhe ayisikwele noma unamathisele inyama. Ngokwalo mkhuba, abantu kufanele benze imali yanyanga zonke esikhwameni, ingxenye yayo idluliselwa kumgcini wesikhwama ophathiswe ukusebenzisa le mali ehlanganisiwe ukuthenga irayisi elimnandi, ubhontshisi oluhlaza nengulube ngokwenza amakhekhe ayisikwele lokho kuzosatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo kumnikazi wamasheya ngamunye ku- Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha.

    Ngenxa yalomkhuba, abanikazi bamasheya abasebenzisanga inzuzo enkulu yemali enkulu enikezwe ngamunye wabo ngendlela ehlelekile yanyanga zonke kepha babuye bazizwa belula lapho kufika umkhosi ngoba abamatasatasa futhi bajaha ukuqhuba ngemuva kokuthenga izinto ezidingekayo zesiko Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka.

   Ukulungiselela i Umkhosi Wonyaka Omusha Wonyaka (Ttt) ayigcini ngokugxila komuntu siqu kwabalimi abamatasa unyaka wonke ngokutshala ilayisi kodwa futhi nokukhathazeka okuvamile komjikelezo wokuhweba nezinhlangano. Njalo ngonyaka, abathengisi bavame ukuthumela ama-oda abo ekuthengweni kwezimpahla ezidingekayo khona maphakathi nonyaka ukuze bakwazi ukuthengisa zonke izinhlobo zezimpahla emakethe yaseTết kusukela maphakathi no-December, ikakhulukazi ama-fkpaintings kanye nabacishimlilo.

QAPHELA:
¹ Hlanganisa uSolwazi HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela we-Phylosophy emlandweni.
² I-tontine yisikhwama lapho iqembu labantu lifaka isandla Igama elithi tontine livela kuLorenzo Tonti, uNeapolitan Banker owethule uhlelo eFrance ngekhulu le-17.
³ Ngokusho kuka-LÊ TRUNG VŨ - I-Tết yendabuko yaseVietnam.

BAN TU THU
01 / 2020

QAPHELA:
Umthombo: U-Vietnamese Lunar New Year - Umkhosi Omkhulu - Asso. UProf HUNG NGUYEN MANH, Udokotela we-Phylosophy emlandweni.
Images Izithombe ze-Bold kanye ne-sepia zisethwe nguBan Tu Thu - khadangwadia.com

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