CHOLON - Cochinchina - Ingxenye 1

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UMARCEL BERNANOISE¹

I. I-Physical Geography

INDAWO, INDAWO

    Isifundazwe I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] okubandakanya i-acreage yamahektha we-121441, itholakala engxenyeni eseNingizimu ye-Cochin-China. Kuyi-alluvial futhi indawo yayo imane ithafa elikhulu ngaphandle kwamahlathi noma umhlaba okhuphukayo; iziveza emehlweni akho njengendawo enkulu yezwe emngceleni weMpumalanga yisifundazwe UGiadinh [Gia Định], eNtshonalanga ngesifundazwe IThanani [UT. An], esisuka emithambekeni kancane kancane ukusuka eNyakatho Ntshonalanga kuya eSouth-East, ibanga le-60 km, ukusuka emingceleni yesifundazwe Tay Ninh  [UTây Ninh] oLwandle lwaseChina lapho kuhlangana khona abaseMpumalanga IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ] kanye I-Soirap [I-Soài Rạp].

I-CLIMATE

    Ngenxa yesimo saso, isimo sezulu, esishisayo nesiswakeme, sifana nezinye izifundazwe zeCochin-China, futhi sithinteka kancane esifundeni esiseNingizimu ngumakhelwane wolwandle. Ngezwi elilodwa, isimo sezulu sinempilo futhi asikho isifo esihlaselayo noma ukugula noma yini okutholakala lapho.

HYDROGRAPHY

    Empumalanga IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ], omunye wemifula ebalulekile yeCochin-China ulandela umngcele oseningizimu nesifundazwe we I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] kukho konke, ngokuba umkhawulo wayo wemvelo nezifundazwe ze IGocong [I-Gò Công] futhi IThanani [UT. An]. Lokhu kusakazwa okukhulu okukhona okukhona manje kungabhekeka kuyo yonke ingxenye yokuthi unqamula insimu yesifundazwe. Ingena ebhange layo lesokunxele inamba enkulu yembuyiselo. Ngaphandle kwempumalanga IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ] kumele sisho rach Cangiuoc [Cần Giuộc] eyandisile ngengoma Ong Lon [Ông Lớn] nokudlanga ICau Tram [rạch Cầu Tràm] iphonse olwandle lwaseChina eduze komlomo we IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ]. I-raeh Cangiuoc [Cần Giuộc] ihlanganiswe neSoirap ngesigqi Vang [rạch Vàng] nokudlanga Cau Doi [rạch Cầu Đôi]. Ngaphezu kwalokho kusamele sisho umsele waseKinh Nuoc Mang [Kinh Nước Mặn] lokho kuhlanganisa empumalanga IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ] ku Cangiuoc [Cần Giuộc] umfula. Ukugcwala kwesikebhe kulesi siteshi kubaluleke kakhulu.

E-RAILWAY

    Ujantshi kusuka Saigon [Sài Gòn] ukuya eMytho unqamula esifundazweni I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] ngobubanzi bayo, kulandelwa umzamo weKoloni No. 16 kusuka I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] Idolobha liye eBenluc, lapho liwela khona i IVamco [I-Vàm Cỏ] ngebhuloho elikhulu lensimbi, umngcele wesifundazwe we IThanani [UT. An]. Lo jantshi unesisetshenziswa nsuku zonke sezitimela ezine.

II. I-Administrative Geography

IGAZI LOKUGCINA

    Inhlangano yezokuphatha yalesi sifundazwe iyefana nalezo ezinye izifundazwe zeCochin-China. Kuqondiswa ngumphathi wezinsizakalo zomphakathi, induna yesifundazwe, okuthi, ngasikhathi sinye, ibeke imali nemisebenzi kaMongameli weKhomishini kaMasipala yedolobha I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn]. Ihhovisi Lokubhekisisa libheka zonke izindaba zesifundazwe lisedolobheni I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn] uqobo. Njengazo zonke ezinye izifundazwe sisebenzisa isabelomali esizimele, esihlongozwe futhi savotwa wumkhandlu waso wesifundazwe, umphathi (wezinhloko zesifundazwe) olawula lesi sabelomali, esingunyaka we-1925, siye kwi-355.240 $.

    Umkhandlu wesifundazwe ubunjwe ngamalungu ayishumi nambili, noma amakhansela, njengabamele izifunda ze12; la makhansela akhethwe ngamadoda aholayo. Lo mkhandlu wesifundazwe uqhutshwa kabusha njalo ngemuva kweminyaka emibili.

UKUFUNDA KOMPHAKATHI

    At Phulamu [Phú Lâm], isigodi esise-3 km ukusuka I-Cho Lon [Chợ Lớn], kune-boarding- isikole esijoyinwa isikole samantombazane amancane. Lesi sikhungo siqondiswa uthisha, sisizwa ngumfundisi waseYurophu kanye nabafundisi. Umphathi wesikole ubhekene necala lokuhlolwa kwazo zonke izikole zesifundazwe. Kukhona nezikole zokuqala Duc Hoa [Đức Hoà], Tan Phu Thuong [Tân Phú Thượng], Goden [Gò Đen], Cangiuoc [Cần Giuộc], Rachkien [Rạch Kiến], Canduoc [Cần Đước] nakwezinye izindawo, bahlakazeka engxenyeni enkulu yamadolobhana, lapho kufanele kwenezelwe iSikole samahhala nezikole ezine zebandla.

USIZO LOKUXHUMA

    Imithetho yokuhlanzeka yesifundazwe iphethwe udokotela wase-Europe, osizwa ngumsizi kanye nabalaphi bendabuko base8. Kufakwa izibhedlela namakhaya okubelethisa at Cangio [Cần Giờ], Canduoc [Cần Đước], Rachkien [Rạch Kiến], Duc Hoa [Đức Hoà], Phulamu [Phú Lâm], nasedolobheni elikhulu.

    Ukugonywa okuningi ngezikhathi ezithile kuyenziwa emizaneni. UMbuso usabalalisa inani labantu abahlala emaphandleni ngenhloso yokulwa nomkhuhlane womkhuhlane. Kukhona ababelethisi abaqinisekisiwe ezifundeni eziphakathi abaya emihlanganweni yezindlu ezizimele nasemakhaya oomama.

… Qhubeka…

BAN TU THƯ
12 / 2019

QAPHELA:
1: UMarcel Georges Bernanoise (1884-1952) - Umdwebi, wazalelwa eValenciennes - isifunda esisenyakatho neFrance. Isifinyezo sempilo nomsebenzi:
+ I-1905-1920: Ukusebenza e-Indochina futhi ophethe ukuthunyelwa ku-Governor wase-Indochina;
+ 1910: Uthisha eFar East School of France;
+ I-1913: Kutadisha ubuciko bendabuko kanye nokushicilela izindatshana ezinobuchwepheshe;
+ 1920: Wabuyela eFrance futhi wahlela imibukiso yobuciko eNancy (1928), eParis (1929) - imidwebo yezwe mayelana neLorraine, iPyrenees, iParis, iMidi, iVillefranche-sur-mer, iSaint-Tropez, iYtalia, kanye nezinye izikhumbuzo kusuka eMpumalanga Ekude;
+ 1922: Kushicilelwa izincwadi zobuciko obuhlobisa eTonkin, e-Indochina;
+ 1925: Wine umklomelo omkhulu eMbukisweni WamaKoloni eMarseille, futhi wabambisana nomakhi wePavillon de l'Indochine ukudala isethi yezinto zangaphakathi;
+ I-1952: Ishona eneminyaka engu-68 futhi ishiya inqwaba yemidwebo nezithombe;
+ I-2017: Indawo yakhe yokusebenzela umdwebo yethulwe ngempumelelo yinzalo yakhe.

IZINDAWO ZOLWAZI:
◊ Bhuka “I-LA COCHINCHINE”- UMarcel Bernanoise - Hong Duc [I-HĐứng Đức] Abashicileli, uHanoi, 2018.
◊  wikipedia.org
Amagama esiVietnam agqamile futhi omalukeke afakwe ngaphakathi kwamamaki wesilinganiso - asethelwe nguBan Tu Thu.

BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊  CHOLON - La Cochinchine - Ingxenye 2
◊  SAIGON - La Cochinchine
◊  COCHINCHINA