I-La COCHINCHINE noma uNam Ky
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Ass. UProf. Nguyen Manh Hung I-PhD.
ILa Cochinchine or Nam Ky, isifunda esikhulu seSouth Viet Nam, ngesinye sezitshego zezidumbu zaseFrance ezazisendleleni yokunqoba kwabo ngasekupheleni kwe19th ikhulu leminyaka. Leli gama elihlanganisiwe liqukethe izinto ezimbili: Cochin or Cocin liqokiwe Chaochi (uViet Nam wasendulo) futhi China isuselwe kwi Qiniso (uhlu lwamakhosi e-China phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yempi) ikhombisa indawo yayo ehlanganayo neChina. Noma kunjalo, enye inkolelo ithi leli gama likhona I-Cochin, inkokhiso ye Mekong umfula (noma i-Kohchin noma i-Cuu Long), eyindiza yadlula Thuy Chan Lap (Amanzi u-Chenla) nalapho kuhlala khona izakhamizi zaseNam Ky.
Ku-15th Ikhulu leminyaka, abahloli bamazwe baseYurophu abahamba olwandle babezoma eMekong delta ukuze bathenge ukudla namanzi amasha. Kungashiwo ukuthi uNam Ky wayeluhlobo “Silk Road"Emifuleni, kuhle kakhulu ekuthengiselweni kwentengiso yasemanzini. Abahloli bamazwe baseYurophu bayibiza kanjalo Chochi or Cochin ukuyihlukanisa kusukela ku-Cochin eNdiya.
Esikhathini esithile emlandweni weViet Nam, I-Cochinchine yayisetshenziselwa ukuqamba Dang Trong, Futhi Tonkin ngoba Dang Ngoai. Ngaleso sikhathi, iViet Nam, iLaos neCambodia baqokwa ngaphansi kwegama elihlangene elithi "Indochina”. Leli gama lidale ukudideka ekuboneni kwabantu bakwamanye amazwe ngeMpumalanga Ekude lapho beklama inkambo yabo yokuphuma ngoba kubhekiselwa eNdiya naseChina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu bokufika babezibuza ukuthi kungani uViet Nam ehlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: Dang Trong futhi Dang Ngoai nesifunda esiphakathi kwabo, lapho kwakukhona inhloko-dolobha yobukhosi Nam. Ngaphansi kokubuswa yiFrance, baqanjwa amagama I-Bac Ky, Nam Ky futhi UTrung Ky ngokulandelana.
Ngisho Nam Ky, isifunda esibhekene nezinkinga eziningi zezepolitiki, sibizwe ngendlela ehlukile emlandweni: Gia Dinh (1779- 1832); Nam Ky (1834-1945); Nam Bo (1945-1948); Nam Phan (1948-1956); Nam Viet or UMien Nam (1956-1975); noma Phuong Nam esifundeni njengamanje.
Le ncwadi enesihloko ILa Cochinchine ichaza umlando, ezomnotho, amasiko kanye nezokuvakasha komhlaba omkhulu osentabeni Cuu Long river delta noma ngenye indlela aqanjwe ngoNam Ky Luc Tinh. Kwi-20 yokuqalath ikhulu leminyaka, uNam Ky waba ikoloni laseFrance futhi wabuswa yi-Governor D. Cognacq. Igama lakhe livela kwisembozo sencwadi njengobufakazi bokubaluleka kwamanani amasiko ale ncwadi uqobo.
Incwadi iqala ngenkulumo eyenziwe nguMbusi Omkhulu wase-Indochina U-Alexandre Varenne ku 11th Ngo-Okthoba 1925 eSt-Gervais. Le ndoda ibukwa yingxenye yesazi saseFrance ngaleso sikhathi njengesazi sezepolitiki esithanda ezenhlalo. Le nkulumo ibukeka ingenisa isibonelo sokuphathwa kabi kwabantu ngenxa yokuthi yenze le ncwadi ifinyeleleke kalula embuthanweni wezepolitiki eParis kunaseViet Nam.
Kodwa, le ncwadi ayinayo imininingwane mayelana nomlobi, UMarcel Bernanose (1884-1952). Kusukela ezinqolobaneni, sithole ukuthi ubesisikhulu, engumeluleki wezamasiko kubabusi abaningi baseNam Ky kanye nababusi Jikelele wase-Indochina, futhi washiya eminye imisebenzi yocwaningo e-Indochina.
Kufanele futhi sisho Photo Nadal-Saigon, umzingeli ongumlando wase-Indochinese, ozithombe zakhe zenze le ncwadi yangumlando wesithombe sikaNam Ky.
ILa Cochinchine Ishicilelwe okokuqala yi-Photo Nadal House e-1925 nge-printer-run of 400 amakhophi ezinombolo. Ikhophi esilisebenzisela lolu hlobo libaliwe 319 futhi kufaka 436 Imidwebo yethusi eyenziwe yiNdlu efanayo.
Naphezu kwezingqinamba eminyakeni edlule ye-100, incwadi ILa Cochinchine ligcinwe njengememento emndenini wesazi Truong Ngoc Tuong kusuka ICai lay, Tien Giang. Manje isiphinde yashicilelwa yi Xua & Cha (Okwedlule Namanje) Umagazini kanye Hong Duc Abashicileli bezilimi zaseFrance naseNgilandi ngendlela yoqobo, bangezwe ngokuhunyushwa kweVietnam. Abafundi bazothola kuwo amabanga we-20 yokuqalath ikoloni lamakoloni Nam esifundeni.
Kungumsebenzi omkhulu kimi ukwethula le ncwadi kubafundi ngesicelo of Xua & Cha Umagazini.
I-Assoc. UProf. Nguyen Manh Hung I-PhD.
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