Amasosha Nezibhamu

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I. Ngokweminye imibhalo, eVietnam, sung hoa mama [ngiyabonga mama] (ukufanisa) kwakuyigama elaziwayo ngezibhamu sung dieu thuong [sung điểu thương] (imisipha) yayingajwayelekile futhi yayisetshenziswa kusukela nge-16th kuya ngekhulu le-19th. Ama-dynastiesLe, Mac, Trinh, Nguyen [Lê, Mạc, Trịnh, Nguyễn]) Amatchlocks ahlome ngokuphelele amabutho. Amarekhodi omlando nawokubhala achaza izimpi ngaleso sikhathi:Izindiza ezindizayo njengezinkanyezi eziwayo”. Izingoma ze-Folk ziphinde zaqopha isithombe samasosha njengabantu abathandanayo:

Ibhande eliphuzi okhalweni
Ugqoke izigqoko ezimakiwe, isibhamu sithwelwe ehlombe
I-matchlock ngesandla esisodwa
Olunye lubambe umkhonto futhi wehlela esikebheni ngokuyalelwa kwe-mandarin
Kuzwakale ukushayelwa kwezigubhu ezinhlanu ezishaywayo
Izinyembezi emehlweni uma ungena esikebheni.

[Beng lưng thì thắt đai vàng
Đầu đội nón dấu vai mang sung dài
Một tay thì cắp hỏ mai
Một tay cắp giáo quan sai xuống thuyền.
I-Thùng trống đánh ngũ liên.
Bước chân xuống thuyền nước mắt như mưa]

Umdwebo we-gunners ngezansi wadwetshwa ngo-1908 - 1909 ku Hanoi [Hà Nội]. Kusisiza ukuba sicabange isithombe samasosha ngaleso sikhathi, ngaphambi kwe Nguyen [Nguyen] Ubukhosi.

    Ngokuqondene nemiski ebalulwe ngenhla, nansi eminye imibhalo yokusisiza ukuba siyiqonde:

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II. I-Musket luhlobo lwakamuva lwe-arquebus emabuthweni wamasosha aseVietnam phakathi kwamakhosi we IMac, iTrinh, iNguyen [IMac, iTrnnh, iNguyễn] (kusuka ngekhulu le-17th). Ukuqanjwa kwamaskandi kulingisa ukunyakaza kwezikhukukazi ezigoqeka ngezicucu ze-Flint. Indlela yokusebenza isebenza kanjena:donsa imbangela; isigaxa sithinta engxenyeni yensimbi ukukhazimula", Okusho ukuthi:" donsela isando emuva; faka igwegwe ekuhlanganiseni ukuze ugcine. Lapho sidonsa isigaxa, isando sihamba bese sithinta ucezwana olusebenza ngokushesha olukhanyisa isibhamu. ”

    Ngokuvumelana ne UJohn Pinkerston1, Nkosi Nguyen [Nguyen] wahlomisa ibutho lakhe ngalolu hlobo sung dieu thuong [sung điểu thương] (umaskandi), obeye aziwe njengo sung hoa mama [ngiyabonga mama] (izingidi ezifanayo).

    Omunye umqulu ukhombisile ukuthi ebukhosini bakwa-Qing (China), kwakunohlobo lwe-matchlock enkulu eyayidinga abantu ababili ukuba bayisebenzise: Eyokuqala ukubeka isibhamu ehlombe nenye njengendawo yokuthwala.

    In Vietnam [Việt Nam], lolu hlobo lwesibhamu lukhonjiswa kuminyuziyamu manje. Njengoba kubikiwe, Tay Son [UTây Sơn] amabutho athole amasu angenhla avela Dang Trong [Đàng Trong] (I-South Vietnam nge-17th-18th century) futhi yathuthukiswa yaba ezinye izinhlobo eziningi. Amasosha ezempi asisebenzisa kakhulu lesi sikhali ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo kwansuku zonke emasimini, okwakubukeka njengomdlalo. Noma kunjalo, ku Dang Ngoai [Đàng Ngoài] (I-North Vietnam ngekhulu le-17th-18th), le ndlela yayisetshenziselwa nokulwa kwamandla iminyaka engamakhulu amabili. Njengamanzi nomlilo, Nkosi Trinh [Trịnh] waqanjwa UThiyy Vuong [I-Thuỷ Vương] (INkosi Yamanzi) ngenxa yamabutho akhe asolwandle aqinile; INkosi Nguyen [Nguyen] waqanjwa Hoa Vuong [Hoả Vương] (INkosi yoMlilo) ngenxa yamabutho akhe ayehlome ngezikhali zomlilo eziqinile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Nkosi Nguyen [Nguyen] kwadingeka ezinye izikhali ezazivame empini njenge isikhathi eside [kude] (udrako womlilo), hoa ho [hoả hổ] (ihlosi lomlilo) nezibhamu ezinezingcezu ezisebenza njengamabhomu alula.

    Ekuqaleni, i-musket (ifulethi) kwakuvela eYurophu, lapho-ke kwethulwa khona eMelika nase-Asia. The Tay Son [UTây Sơn] ibutho lalithathwa njengebutho eliqinile ngenxa yemiski yawo ethuthukisiwe ebiphezulu ngokuya ngemisebenzi yezobuchwepheshe (Kudingeka kuphela ukunyakaza ezine) ngenkathi amabutho aseBrithani nawaseYurophu edinga ukunyakaza okungamashumi amabili. Ikakhulu, izibhamu ze-Qing (Figure) zabamba umlilo kancane kodwa ngentuthu enkulu. Umbusi I-Quang Trung [I-Quang Trung] wasebenzisa lesi sibhamu ezimpini ukuze ingubo yakhe yaphenduka yaba mnyama ngenxa yentuthu.

Amasosha Gunners - Holylandvietnamstudies.com
Amasosha & Gunners esikhathini esidala (Umthombo: Nguyễn Mạnh Hùng ku- “Kỹ thuật của người An Nam” - Technique du peuple Annamite kaH. Oger (1908 -1909) eHanoi)

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    Izintambo noma izingcezu ze-Flint zazisetshenziselwa ama-matchlocks. Kamuva, matchlocks kwathathelwa indawo izibhamu ezithuthukile, besebenzisa izibhamu nezinqola ezifana nezibhamu zaseYurophu ngaleso sikhathi. Noma kunjalo, phakathi Minh Mang's [Minh Mạng] umbuso, matchlocks kwathathelwa indawo ezinye izibhamu (ngenxa yamabutho amabutho ancishisiwe) kodwa ngenombolo ethobekile xaxa uma kuqhathaniswa nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, abantu abayishumi babephethe isibhamu esisodwa.

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    Ngokwemithetho ku Nguyen [Nguyen] Dynasty, amabutho ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: Amasosha empi namasosha okuzivikela. Kwakhethwa amasotsha ezokuvikela Nghe An [I-Nghệ An] ukuze Binh Thuan [Bình Thuận], ababemiswe ngaphakathi Hue [Hue]. Empini phakathi kweFrance neVietnam eNyakatho, Hue [Hue] inkantolo ithumele amasosha e8,000 ukuthi ayovikela iNyakatho Vietnam [Việt Nam], ngaphansi kwegunya lama-mandarin asezingeni eliphakeme. Amasosha empi abekwa enyakatho. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuvikelwa kwamaFulentshi, la masosha athathelwa indawo yi-linh kho xanh (amasosha anebhande eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) (Figure). Amanye amasosha asele ayephethwe ababusi bezifundazwe.

QAPHELA:
I-1: I-JOHN PINKERSTON "I-geography yesimanjemanje: Incazelo yemibuso, imibuso, izifunda kanye nezindawo ezinolwandlekazi, izilwandle kanye neziqhingi".
Image Isithombe esifakiwe - umthombo: faxuca.blogspot.com, nam64.multiply.com

BUKA OKUNINGI:
◊  UKUFUNDA NGOKUGCWALISEKILE NAMALUNGU AMA-VIETNAM - Ingxenye 1
◊  UKUFUNDA NGOKUGCWALISEKILE NAMALUNGU AMA-VIETNAM - Ingxenye 2
◊  UKUFUNDA NGOKUGCWALISEKILE NAMALUNGU AMA-VIETNAM - Ingxenye 3

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